甘肃境内黄河水系和长江水系浮游生物群落组成特征研究  

Studies on the composition characteristics of plankton community of the Yellow River and the Yangtse River system in Gansu Province

作　　者：邵淑娟[1] 刘哲[1] 王建福[1] 庚宸帆 雷雨平 安国民 王雷 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业环境保护管理站,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2013年第5期167-174,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

摘　　要：2011年12月和2012年4月依次对黄河水系洮河支流和长江水系白龙江支流2个不同水域的浮游生物群落进行了调查研究.结果表明:洮河水域共有浮游植物4门42种(属),其数量和生物量组成均以硅藻门占绝对优势;浮游动物有13种(属),其数量组成以原生动物为主,占99.44%,生物量组成以枝角类和桡足类为主,分别占12.07%和81.84%.白龙江水域共有浮游植物5门42种(属),以硅藻门占优势,占平均数量的94.04%,占平均生物量的96.91%;浮游动物有13种(属),其数量和生物量组成均以原生动物为主.洮河支流的浮游植物多样性指数平均值(2.86)高于白龙江支流的(2.23),表明白龙江浮游植物稳定性不及洮河.2个水域浮游生物均匀度指数、丰富度指数都较低且均无显著性差异,说明2个水域浮游生物群落组成结构不稳定,易受外界环境的干扰.The composition and diversity of plankton community in the Tao River of Yellow River system and Bailong River of Yangtse River system were investigated and analysed,in December 2011 and April 2012. Results showed that 42 species （genera） of phytoplankton belonging to 4 phyla were detected in the Tao River. Bacillariophyta was dominant in the number and biomass composition. 13 Species （genera） of zooplankton were identified, most of them was protozoa,which occupied 99.44 % of the total. The percent- age of Cladocera and Copepoda were relatively high, which were 12.07 ~ and 81.84%, respectively. 42 Spe- cies （genera） distributed into five phyla were identified in the Bailong River, and its dominant population was Bacillariophyta, accounting for 94. 04% of the average number and 96. 91% of the average biomass, l a Species （genera） of zooplankton were found,the number and biomass were mainly composed by Protozoa. The phytoplankton diversity index of Tao River （2. 86） was higher than Bailong River（2. 23） indicating that the stability of phytoplankton of Bailong River was weaker than Tao River. Richness and evenness of plankton were at a low level in both river,also there was no significant difference between them. This con- firmed that the composition and structure of plankton community were instable, being easily disturbed by external environment.

关 键 词：黄河水系 长江水系 浮游生物 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q179.1[生物学—水生生物学]