并网永磁同步发电机转子永磁体局部失磁特征量的计算与分析  

Calculation and Analysis on the Permanent Magnet Partial Demagnetization Characteristics of the Grid-connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Rotor

作　　者：李伟力[1] 程鹏[2] 吴振兴[3] 刘玉宝[3] 邱洪波[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京市海淀区100044 [2]哈尔滨工程大学自动化学院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市150001 [3]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市150080

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2013年第33期95-105,12,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅海外学人资助项目(1055HQ030);黑龙江省科技厅留学归国人员基金(LC05C05)~~

摘　　要：针对永磁同步发电机转子永磁体在受到高温、大电枢电流、振动等因素影响出现的局部失磁故障,该文对1.5 MW、32极、并联支路数为4的分数槽永磁同步发电机的失磁故障特征进行了研究。首先建立了该发电机全域非对称运行时二维瞬态电磁场数学模型,采用场路耦合时步有限元法,分别对电机在无失磁以及不同程度失磁故障状态下的电磁场进行了计算。通过对失磁故障前后电机磁场分布、不同位置点磁密随时间变化轨迹、气隙磁场谐波含量、支路反电势波形以及各支路电流波形等特征量演变规律的研究,找出了电机失磁故障的特征,为永磁同步发电机失磁故障在线监测和诊断提供了理论依据。最后,通过对一台失磁故障400 W、10极永磁同步发电机的仿真计算与实验结果的对比分析,验证了计算方法的合理性。For the permanent magnet partial demagnetization on the permanent magnet synchronous generator rotor due to the high temperature, the large armature current and the vibration, the demagnetization characteristics were investigated on the permanent magnet synchronous generator with the parameters of 1.5 MW, 32 poles, 4 parallel branches and fractional slot. Firstly, the mathematical model of the 2D transient electromagnetic field was established under asymmetric operation, and the electromagnetic fields in the normal operation and the different degree demagnetization operations are calculated respectively by using field-circuit coupled step finite element method. Secondly, the electromagnetic field distributions before and after the permanent magnet demagnetization, the variation trajectory of the flux density in different location points, the harmonic values of the air-gap, the EMF waveform and the current waveform of the each branch were studied, and the demagnetization characteristics could be obtained, which could provide a theoretical basis for the online monitor and diagnosis of the permanent magnet synchronous generator. Finally, by the comparison of the calculation results and the test data of a 400 W, 10 poles permanent magnet synchronous generator with the permanent magnet demagnetization, the rationality of calculation method could be verified.

关 键 词：永磁同步发电机 失磁故障 多并联支路 不对称运行 

分 类 号：TM313[电气工程—电机]