射线检验防护及防护距离计算的应用  

Health Protection in X-Ray Inspection and Calculation of Protection Distance

作　　者：肖立权[1] 李兵[1] 孟繁菊[1] 方莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]海洋石油工程股份有限公司检验公司,天津300452

出　　处：《中国造船》2013年第A02期536-540,共5页Shipbuilding of China

摘　　要：X射线具有波长短、穿透力强、荧光作用、摄影作用及生物效用等特征。根据其特性，工业上用于探伤检测金属焊接质量及金属结构形式；医学上用于透视、摄片、照射等手段方法，对人体内部器官进行诊断及治疗工作。X射线在工业探伤上所起到的作用是巨大的；但是，X射线射入人体被吸收后产生的生物效应对人体有损害，损害的程度随吸收剂量而定。（一般而言，过小剂量对人体无大的损害，而大剂量则可导致组织细胞破坏及血液系统方面的病变）。因此，做好X射线的卫生防护工作是射线工作者至关重大的研究课题。论文就工业X射线探伤的卫生防护及射线正确使用进行了分述。目的是减少和避免射线对人体的损害，从而使其发挥更好效能。X-ray has the characters of short wavelength, strong penetrability, tluorescence e^tect, pnotograpny effect, biology action and so on. According to its characters, it is applied to inspect metal welding quality and metal structural form in industry area; it is also applied in medicine to diagnose and cure body apparatus through clairvoyance, photo, and irradiation and so on. X-ray plays very important role in industry inspection area. ff x-ray was absorbed by human body, biological effect can be produced, and the body will be harmed. This text described health protection in x-ray inspection and the right use of x-ray. The measures are intended to reduce and avoid the damage to the human body by x-ray, and to make it works better.

关 键 词：射线 防护 距离 计算 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]