牛粪尿施用时间对多花黑麦草青贮料品质的影响  

Effects of cattle dung application time on ryegrass silage quality

作　　者：贾露洁[1] 杨春华[1] 王目森 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学草业科学系,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第11期1871-1875,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(201lBADl7800)

摘　　要：采用小型袋装青贮技术研究不同牛粪尿施用时间与牧草收获时间间隔对多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）青贮料品质的影响。在300m2的多花黑麦草试验地，按45m3·hm-2施用量，分别在青贮原料收获的前10周、6周、2周撒施腐熟牛粪尿，以不施牛粪尿的草地作为对照，牧草收获时记录下不同施肥时间的牧草产量。采用小型青贮袋（500mL）密封青贮各处理样品90d后，分析青贮料的化学成分。结果表明，青贮料的干物质含量为146～165g·kg^-1，青贮料品质较差，pH值和氨态氮含量高，乳酸含量低，尤其是第1次收获前2周施用牛粪尿，青贮料中检测到丁酸菌生长迹象，青贮料pH值（4．7）和氨态氮含量（194g·kg^-1 TN）高，乳酸含量低（89g·kg DM）。因此，春季施用牛粪尿会降低青贮料的品质。Effects of time interval between cattle dung applica：ion and harvest on ryegrass（Loliurn multi- J lorurn） silage quality were studied by making silage in small-scale silos（500 mL polyethylene barrel）. Cattle dung was applied with the rate of 45 m3 · ha-1 at the time of 10 weeks, 6 weeks and 2 weeks before harvest, in a 300 m2 ryegrass experimental field. Take the field with no cattle dung application as control treatment. Forage yields with different harvest time were recorded, and the chemical components of different silages were analyzed after a 90-day ensiling. The results showed that, dry matter contents of silages are 146-165 g·kg^-1. Silages are low quality with high pH value and NH4 ＋ -N content, and low lactic acid content. More particularly, in silages of treatments applying cattle dung 2 weeks before the first cutting, the growth of clostridium butyricum was detected, and the silage has a high pH value（4. 7） and NH4＋ -N content（194 g. kg-1 totalN）, and a low lactic acid content（89 g·kg-1 DM）. So the application of cattle dung to ryegrass in spring will decrease its silage quality.

关 键 词：施肥时间 青贮料品质 牛粪尿 多花黑麦草 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]