建筑防火安全的新思维——我国建筑防火性能化设计的发展历程  

New Thought of Building Fire Safety——the Development of Performance-based Fire Safety Design for Buildings in Our Country

作　　者：李引擎[1] 张向阳[1] 李磊[1] 刘文利[1] 肖泽南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑科学》2013年第11期70-79,共10页Building Science

摘　　要：性能化防火设计是社会经济与科学技术发展的必然趋势,它的出现与火灾科学和消防安全工程学的发展是分不开的。中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所作为建筑行业最大的专门从事建筑防火研究的机构,在我国建筑防火性能化设计的研究和推广应用中发挥了重要作用。建筑防火研究所是国内最早从事消防性能化设计与评估研究的单位之一,承担了"九五"、"十五"、"十一五"等多项性能化设计相关的科研课题,首次提出了适合我国情况的人员密集大空间建筑防火性能化设计原则和方法,为建筑防火性能化设计在我国的推广应用奠定了理论和方法的基础。建筑防火研究所以北京奥运会为契机,将性能化防火设计的理念和方法应用在北京奥运工程的建设中,圆满解决了奥运工程中诸多在现行规范框架下无法解决的消防设计问题。与此同时,防火所将该项技术进一步推广到了多项国家和省市级重点工程项目的建设中,对防火性能化设计在我国的推广应用起到了重要作用,并创造了巨大的社会效益和经济效益。建筑防火性能化设计与其说是一项技术,不如说是一种新的消防安全理念,其影响不仅限于消防设计,对整个消防领域以及消防工程的学科建设都将发挥重要的作用。The performance-based fire protection design （PFFD） is the inevitable trend in the development of social economy and science technology. It＇s progress has a close relation with the development of fire science and fire safety engineering. As the largest specialized building fire protection research institution in construction industry, Institute of Building Fire Research CABR has played an important role in the research and application of performance-based design. Institute of Building Fire Research is also one of units, which is the earliest engaged in the study of fire performance-based design and assessment. It undertakes a number of scientific research subjects related performance-based design, such as ＂ninth five-year plan＂ , ＂tenth five-year plan＂ , ＂ 11 th five-year plan＂ and so on. It also first puts forward a set of principles and methods based on the crowded large space building fire performance-based design, which is suitable for Chinese situation. In the construction of the Beijing Olympics, Institute of Building Fire Research applied the ideas and methods of the performance-based fire-protection design and successfully solved a lot of problems which could＇t be resolved within the current framework of the fire control design. At the same time, this technology was promoted to many national and provincial key projects and created a huge social and economic benefit. The building fire performance-based design would be better a new fire safety idea rather than a technology. It will play a significant role in the fire control design and even for the whole fire area engineering discipline construction.

关 键 词：性能化设计 建筑 防火 规范 

分 类 号：TU352.5[建筑科学—结构工程]