从金代女真贵族墓葬看女真民族汉化进程  

A Study of the Conversion Process from Jurchen to Chinese Ethnic Based on Jurchen Noble Tombs in Jin Dynasty

作　　者：李玉君[1] 吴东铭 夏一博 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,辽宁大连116081 [2]南开大学历史学院,天津300071

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第6期918-923,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(11CFX011);辽宁省教育厅科学研究一般项目(W2011052)

摘　　要：金王朝是由北方少数民族女真族建立的政权,有金一代,上到女真贵族,下到普通百姓,都极力地效仿学习汉族文化,女真人死后的葬俗也逐步向中原葬俗演变。本文通过对东北和北京地区金代女真贵族墓葬外在形制与内在构建嬗变的分析,展示有金一代女真民族在葬具、葬式、随葬品和丧葬理念等诸多方面不断融入汉文化的历史演变进程。特别是在政治中心迁入中原地区后,贵族墓葬中龙、凤、云纹的使用、"堪舆"学说的运用、昭穆制度和"众生必死,死必归土"观念的认同等等,都达到了前所未有的地步。Jin dynasty was a regime established by the Northern Minority Jurchen. In Jin Dynasty, from the Jurchen nobles to ordinary people,all tried their best to learn Chinese culture. At the meantime, Jurchen Funeral customs gradually evolved to that of the Central Plains. Based on the analysis of the external shape and internal structure of the Jurchen noble tombs in Northeast and Beijing regions, a process is demonstra- ted for Jurchen accepting Chinese culture on funeral goods, funeral ceremonyand funeral ideas. Especially after the political center was moved into the Central Plains, the use of dragon＇ phoenix and cloud ornamen- tation, the application of “Kanyu” theories, the execution of “Zhaomu” system and the reception to the i- dea of “all will die and return to the earth” reached an unprecedented level.

关 键 词：金代 女真墓葬 文化认同 汉化 

分 类 号：K874[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]