融雪期融雪水下渗分析及下渗率模拟研究  

Analysis of Snowmelt Water Infiltration and Simulation of Infiltration Rate in Snowmelt Period

作　　者：张波[1,2] 刘志辉[1,2,3] 王慧[1,2] 房世峰[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学教育部绿洲生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [3]新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第24期9975-9977,9980,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"天山北坡典型流域积雪-冻土水热耦合中融水产汇流机制研究"(41171023)和重点项目"干旱区湖泊流域陆面过程及人类活动适应性-以艾比湖流域为例"(41130531);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201301103)

摘　　要：融雪期土壤下渗对于融雪产流有重要意义。土壤下渗率的模拟可以为融雪径流模拟提供必要的参数,能够更精确地对融雪期洪水进行预报。在研究过程中,通过融雪期对土壤湿度、温度的观测及设置的下渗实验获取的数据,利用Excel、SPSS等统计软件对数据进行综合处理,并对结果进行制图、制表。结果表明:土壤湿度和土壤温度对融雪水下渗有显著影响;冻土中冰的存在对下渗的阻碍作用很强,冰融化后可以增强融雪水的下渗;在融雪期,实验得到的下渗率模型的模拟精度高,其形式上与Kostiakov下渗公式吻合。The soil infiltration plays a significant role in snowmelt runoff in Snowmelt period. The simulation of soil infiltration can provide the necessary parameter for the simulation of Snowmeh runoff, so the forecast of snowmeh flood can be more accurate. In the research, the data of soil moisture, soil temperature can be collected by some equipments, and the data of water infiltration can be achieved by setting certain exper- iment. Meanwhile, these data are processed by the software Excel and SPSS, and then figured out the result. The result showed that the soil moisture and soil temperature indicates significant influence on snowmelt infiltration. The ice in frozen soil has strong inhibition effect on infil- tration, but after the ice melt, the intensity of infiltration is strengthen. In the snowmelt period, the infiltration model possesses high accuracy, the type of the model and the formula of Kostiakov can be fitted very well.

关 键 词：融雪期 下渗率 Kostiakov下渗公式 模拟 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程] P426.63[农业科学—农业工程]