GNSS RTK在山区森林中定位的应用研究——以桦树次生林中的3种地形条件为例  

Application of GNSS RTK Positioning in Forests in Mountainous Areas——A Case of Three Different Types of Terrain in secondry Birch Forests

作　　者：李永宁[1] 高慧娟[2] 霍艳玲[1] 孟凡杰[3] 任佳美 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省保定市林业局,河北保定071000 [3]河北省木兰围场国有林场管理局,河北围场068450

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2013年第5期125-130,共6页Forest Resources Management

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划"华北土石山区森林可持续经营技术研究与示范"(2012BAD22B0304)

摘　　要：GNSS RTK可实时获得高精度的定位信息,在森林中具有广阔的应用前景。采用准动态测量与快速静态测量两种作业模式,对桦树次生林中不同地形条件下的双星GNSS RTK定位进行研究。结果表明:1)双星系统的卫星数与空间几何分布,表现为山脊最好、山坡优于沟谷,不同的地形条件下均能满足RTK定位的要求。2)进行准动态测量,在山脊上全部为固定解,定位精度较高;山坡与沟谷中多数为浮动解,定位精度较低。3)定位的限制因子不是卫星数与空间分布,而是卫星信号质量与多路径效应。4)通过延长观测时间可获得厘米级的高精度,考虑到精度与效率,最长观测时间不宜超过15min。GNSS RTK could obtain real- time positioning information of high accuracy,and has a broad application prospect in forests. Dual- system GNSS RTK positioning was studied in secondary birth forests of different types of terrains by using quasi- kinetic and fast static surveying operation modes. Results show that 1） The satellite number and spatial geometric distribution,which are the best on ridges than on slope and valley forest,can fulfill RTK positioning; 2） The solutions are all fixed with high accuracy on ridge in quasi- kinetic surveying. And most of the solution on slope and valley are floating solution with low accuracy; 3） The fix position limiting factors are satellite message quality and multi- path effects instead of satellite number and spatial distribution; 4） The high accuracy of cm level is obtained by extending observation time. The longest observation time should not be more than 15min in terms of precision and efficiency.

关 键 词：RTK测量 GPS 全球卫星导航系统(GLONASS) 初始化时间 三维位置精度因子(PDOP) 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] S757.2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]