液压分层式挖坑机的设计  

Design of hydraulic layered earth auger

作　　者：李茂强[1] 杨术明[1] 杨树川[1] 马伏龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学机械工程学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2013年第6期143-147,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技支撑计划项目(4120169)

摘　　要：枣树移栽有特殊农艺要求,即移栽时先回填埋表土、后回填底土,因此挖坑时表土与底土应分离存放。然而传统的挖坑机在工作时,土壤在高速旋转的螺旋翼片的作用下抛出,在坑的周围散落,表土被底土完全覆盖,不能实现表土与底土的分离存放,移栽回填后不能满足表土在下、底土在上的特殊农艺要求,因此需要人工完成挖坑、表土底土分离存放,工作效率低、劳动强度大。针对这一问题,设计了一种液压分层式挖坑机,挖坑时表土暂时分离存放,底土在高速旋转的螺旋翼片的作用下抛出,散落至坑周围,移栽时先将表土回填,再回填底土,实现枣树移栽的特殊农艺要求。试验结果表明,液压分层式挖坑机能够稳定可靠的实现表土分离存放功能,挖坑质量较好,移栽回填后的土壤实现了表土在下、底土在上的特殊农艺要求,提高了挖枣树坑的效率,减轻了劳动强度,对于改进目前的挖枣树坑工艺、实现挖枣树坑的机械化具有重要意义。It has special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube that we should backfill subsoil after topsoil when transplanting jujube, so the topsoil and subsoil should be stored separately. But the traditional earth auger can＇ t meet special agronomic requirements of making topsoil and subsoil separated and transplanting of jujube with topsoil covered by subsoil because soil scatter around the pit with topsoil covered by subsoil under the action of spiral wing of high-speed rotation. As a result, it is people that dig the pit and make topsoil and subsoil separated, and backfill subsoil after topsoil, with low working efficiency and intensity of labor. According to the problem, a hydraulic layered earth auger is designed. Separately storage topsoil when digging pit, while subsoil is scattered far away around the pit under the action of spiral wing of high-speed rotation. Then backfill subsoil after topsoil to meet special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube. Experimental results show that, hydraulic layered earth auger can stably and reliably realize the function of making topsoil and subsoil separated and meet the special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube with topsoil covered by subsoil, digging pit in better quality. It improved the efficiency of digging pit for jujube and reduced labor intensity. It improved the current technology and it has important significance for the mechanization of digging pit for jujube.

关 键 词：枣树移栽 特殊农艺要求 液压分层式挖坑机 

分 类 号：S22[农业科学—农业机械化工程]