某工业区排污河道周边植物重金属富集特征  

Heavy Metal in Plants around Drainage Waterway of an Industrial Zone:Characteristics of Absorption and Accumulation

作　　者：王学锋[1] 陈亚青[1] 马鑫[1] 尚菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学环境学院黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第11期74-78,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(082102170002;102102310303)

摘　　要：通过实地调查分析新乡某电池工业区排污河道周边土壤中重金属Cu、Ni、Cd和Zn的含量,采集8种常见植物,对比植物对Cu、Ni、Cd和Zn的吸收、富集和转运特征。结果显示:土壤中Ni、Cd污染较重,平均浓度分别为98.675、99.45 mg/kg,Cu和Zn含量不高,其中Cu和Cd来源或者污染途径可能一致,且Cu、Ni和Zn的TCLP含量较低,小于国际标准值,对周围生态生态环境危害不大,Cd的TCLP提取量远超过国际标准值,对周围生态环境有明显威胁。8种野生植物中,芸薹、小蓬草、扫帚苗和藜对Cd都表现出一定的富集特性,植物地上部分Cd的浓度分别是34.75、22.75、27、36.5 mg/kg,且转运系数都大于1.0;小蓬草、藜和菥蓂对重金属Zn的转运系数和富集系数都接近1.0,表现出了良好的耐性,值得作为优势植物关注。To investigate heavy metal pollution in soil and the hazards to the ecology, a field survey was conducted in proximity of a drainage waterway in the battery industrial zone of Xinxiang City in Henan. Concentrations of heavy metals,such as Cu,Ni,Cd and Zn in the soil and the plants of eight species were analyzed. Besides,the analytical method,toxicity characteristic leaching procedure（TCLP）,was used to fast evaluate ecological risk of heavy metals. Results of the survey revealed the soil had been severely contaminated by Ni and Cd,with the average concentration of Ni as 98.675 mg/kg and the average concentration of Cd 99.45 mg/kg. Concentrations of Cu,Ni and Zn,according to TCLP,were relatively low,but Cd was obviously hazardous to the ambient ecology. According to the analysis of Cd in plants’ stems/leaves and measuring of the translation coefficients,it was found that Brassica campestris L.,Conyza Canadensis（L.）Cronq.,Kochia scoparia（L.）Schrad and Chenopodium album,among others,presented certain Cd enrichment characteristics;on the other hand,Conyza Canadensis（L.）Cronq.,Chenopodium album and Boor’s Mustard Herb showed good endurance for Zn.

关 键 词：电池工业区 重金属 植物修复 TCLP 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]