气体停留时间对生物滤池去除恶臭和微生物气溶胶影响  

Effect of Gas Retention Time of Biofilter on Removal of Odor and Bioaerosol from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Process

作　　者：刘建伟[1,2] 张波 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院环境工程系,北京100044 [2]北京建筑工程学院北京应对气候变化研究和人才培养基地,北京100044 [3]北京智创环绿科技有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第11期125-129,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50908009);北京市教育委员会科技计划项目(KM201210016003);北京市优秀人才培养项目资助(2011D005017000001)

摘　　要：气体停留时间是影响生物滤池去除恶臭和微生物气溶胶的重要因素之一。采用小试规模的生物滤池研究了气体停留时间对城市污水处理工艺恶臭和微生物气溶胶去除特性的影响。研究结果表明:随着气体停留时间的增加,硫化氢和氨的去除率随之增加,而异养细菌和真菌的去除率降低,低的气体停留时间利于微生物气溶胶的去除,保证硫化氢、氨和微生物气溶胶均能同时高效去除的气体停留时间为40 s。随着气体停留时间的增加,生物滤池出气中分布于stage1、stage2和stage3的大粒径微生物粒子所占比例减小,而分布于stage5和stage6的小粒径微生物粒子所占比例增加。在低的气体停留时间下,生物滤池出气微生物气溶胶潜在的健康风险更大。Gas retention time is an important factor which can affect the removal efficiency of odor and bioaerosol in the biofilter. A bench scale biofilter was developed to treat odor and bioaerosol emitted from municipal wastewater treatment process and the effect of gas retention time on their removal efficiencies were investigated. Experimental results showed that removal efficiencies of sulfide hydrogen and ammonia increased with the increasing gas retention time,while the removal efficiency of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi decreased with the increased gas retention time. 40 seconds were needed in order to obtain a simultaneous high removal efficiency of odor and bioaerosol. As the gas retention time of the biofilter increased,the proportion of large particles of the outlet gas which distributed in stage l,stage 2 and stage 3 decreased,while the proportion of small particles which distributed in the stage 5 and stage 6 increased. The potential health risks of bioaerosol were greater when the gas retention time of the biofilter was lower.

关 键 词：恶臭 微生物气溶胶 生物滤池 气体停留时间 

分 类 号：X701.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]