贵州典型矿区10年景观格局变化及驱动力分析  

Analysis of Landscape Pattern Change and Its Driving Forces in Typical Mining Area of Guizhou Province During 10 Years

作　　者：高翔[1] 蔡雄飞[1] 王济[1] 戴凌骏 穆悦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学山地资源与环境遥感重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第11期168-174,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD05B06);环保部贵州省生态环境十年(2000-2010)变化遥感调查与评估项目资助(STSN-05-24);贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金(黔科合人字(2011)14号);贵州师范大学博士科研启动基金联合资助

摘　　要：选取贵州六盘水市汪家寨煤矿为研究区域,以2000年的ETM影像、2005年的ASTER影像和2010年的ALOS影像为基础数据源,通过RS、GIS技术和景观生态学方法,对该煤矿区2000-2010年景观格局变化及其驱动力进行了研究。结果表明:2000-2010年汪家寨矿区不同景观类型间的转化主要是耕地转为工矿用地,草地,灌木,森林;景观破碎化程度越来越大,但变化不大;该矿区景观格局变化的主要驱动力是煤矿开发及农业发展及生态治理政策因子。煤矿开发及农业发展是使生态格局恶化的驱动力因子;水土流失治理政策的实施和矿区生态恢复建设的开展是使生态格局改善的驱动力因子。这些驱动因子互相影响、互相制约,共同影响矿区景观格局的变化。旨在为贵州矿产资源开发区土地资源可持续利用、生态环境修复与重建提供参考。Taking Wangjiazhai Coal Mine in Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province as research area, supported by ETM images in 2000, ASTER images in 2005, ALOS images in 2010, based on RS, GIS and landscape ecology methods, landscape pattern change and its driving mechanism of the mine from 2000 to 2010 were studied. Results indicated that transitions between various landscape types were mainly from cultivated land to grassland, scrub, or forest. Landscape fragmentation index of mining area was continuously rising, but little changed. The main driving forces of the landscape pattern change were coal mining development, agriculture development and ecological management policies. Coal mining development and agriculture development are driving factors that aggravate the ecological pattern; the implementation of treatment policies of soil erosion and launching of ecological restoration and construction are driving factors improving the landscape ecosystem. These driving forces interact, restrict mutually, and affect changes of landscape pattern in mining area commonly. The study aimed at providing references for the sustainable utilization of land resource, ecological environment restoration and reconstruction in mineral resources development area.

关 键 词：景观格局 变化 驱动力 贵州典型煤矿区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]