纤维素分解菌的筛选及其不同组合对秸秆降解的效果  

Screening of cellulose degrading microbes and the effect of different combinations on straw degradation

作　　者：张立霞[1] 李艳玲[1] 屠焰[1] 张乃锋[1] 刘策[1] 刁其玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《饲料工业》2013年第22期29-36,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：秸秆饲料生物转化技术研究与示范[20120304202]

摘　　要：试验目的是为了获得高效降解纤维素的微生物菌株或者组合,并应用于农作物秸秆的降解,提高其营养价值。利用刚果红纤维素培养基和测定纤维素酶酶活的方法筛选纤维素降解真菌,并与黄孢原毛平革菌组合发酵玉米秸秆,测定降解秸秆的效果。利用刚果红纤维素培养基筛选出黑曲霉、青霉、木霉3株菌,分别与黄孢原毛平革菌组合在PDB中培养7 d,每天测定纤维素降解酶的活性,FPA、β-葡糖苷酶均在第4 d酶活最高,CMCase、木聚糖酶在第2 d的酶活较高。3株纤维素分解菌的酶活性高于其他菌株。与黄孢原毛平革菌进行组合发酵玉米秸秆,纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的降解率较好的组合为PC+黑曲霉+青霉+木霉,分别为29.60%、12.02%、29.10%。本试验得到了一种能较好降解纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的菌株的组合。The aim of Ibis study was to improve the nutritional value of crop straw by screening high efficient cellulose degrading strains or their combinalions. The fungus was screened by using Congo red dye test and the enzyme activity was measured. Then the fungus was combined wilh Phaneroehaete ehrysosporium for 7 d in PDB and their effect on the degradation of lignoeellulose was evalualed. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Triehoderma were finally selected. The enzyme activity of FPA, β-glucosidase were highest on day 4 in the PDB, while CMCase and xylanase activity were highest on 2 d. After 10 days of fermentation on straw, the degradation rate of cellulose, hemieellulose and lignin were 29.60%, 12.02%, and 29.10%, respectively. The combination of PC. Aspergillus niger. Penicillium, and Trichoderma was effective in degrading cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.

关 键 词：纤维素降解菌 筛选 秸秆 降解 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]