论大国交战函数——基于“历史材料+科学方法”的研究范式  

On the Function of War among Great Powers——Based on the Paradigm of “Historical Material + Scientific Method”

作　　者：邓曦泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学政治学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2013年第12期14-24,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目"冲突与协调--以春秋战争与会盟为中心"(项目编号:13FZZ006);四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费青年学术人才项目(项目编号:skqx201101;skgt201103);四川大学国家"985工程""社会矛盾与社会管理研究"创新基地资助项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：春秋时期晋楚争霸,双方极少正面交战;而美苏争霸,双方亦未正面交战。由此可归纳出:大国争霸有尽可能避免正面交战之倾向,因为这可以避免削弱双方实力而让其他方得利。据此倾向,可以建立大国交战函数:P=(1-F)(1-G)。意为:两极实力的悬殊程度(1-F)与两极直接交战的可能性(P)成正相关关系;同时,多边与两极的实力悬殊程度(1-G)与两极直接交战的可能性(P)也成正相关关系。此函数能有效描述大国博弈的制衡格局、吞并格局、更替格局和混战格局。大国交战函数具有比较优势。To strive for hegemony between Jin and Chu, there were few direct wars; samely, to strive for hegemony between United States and the Soviet Union, there was no direct confrontation at all. From this we can summarize that the hegemony among the great powers have the tendency to avoid direct confrontations. Because this can avoid weakening their strength and let others benefit from it. According to this tendency, the function of possibility of the direct confrontations among the great powers striving for hegemony, which can be also called as function of direct confrontations among the great powers ： P = （ 1 -F） （1 -G）. It means that： there is a positive correlation relationship between the disparity degree of the strength of the two poles （ 1 - F） and the possibility of direct confrontations between the two poles （P）; meanwhile, there is a positive correlation relationship between the disparity degree between the strength of multilateral powers and the two poles （ 1 - G ） and the possibility of direct confrontation between the two poles （P）. The function can effectively reflect the strength game between the two poles and multilateral powers, can deduce the pattern of annexation, and can describe the pattern of replacing among those hegemonie powers. Function of war among great powers has comparative advantage.

关 键 词：争霸 大国交战函数 热战 冷战 比较优势 

分 类 号：C3[社会学] K207[历史地理—历史学]