印制电路板线路检测研究  

Circuitry Detection in Printed Circuit Board

作　　者：乔闹生[1] 孙萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院物理与电子科学学院,湖南常德415000 [2]四川农业大学生命科学与理学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《光子学报》2013年第11期1355-1359,共5页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.61144006;11247299);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(No.13A062);湖南省"十一五"重点建设学科-光学和光电信息集成与光学制造技术湖南省重点实验室资助

摘　　要：为了更好地进行印制电路板线路检测,提出了一种有效的检测方法.首先分析了基于直方图势函数模型的图像预处理基本原理,运用该原理对印制电路板光电图像进行预处理,得到初步去模糊去噪音后边缘图像.然后提出了一种改进Hough变换直线检测方法,由该方法可确定图像中存在直线的大致位置,从而初步提取候选区域内的特征点集.接着讨论了最小二乘法直线检测基本原理,应用最小二乘法对经过改进Hough变换初步检测出来的直线进行拟合,得到精确的直线参量,加上模式聚类方法得到最后的直线.最后对实际获取的模糊且含噪音印制电路板光电图像应用所提方法进行检测实验.结果表明,本文的方法能够更好地体现出印制电路板线路的检测.In order to carry out printed circuit board （PCB） circuitry detection better, an effective detection method was proposed. Firstly, the basic principle of image preprocessing based on histogram potential function model was analyzed; such principle was applied to PCB photoelectric image preprocessing, and the primary edge images after removing dark and noise were obtained. Secondly, a line detection method based on improved Hough transform was proposed, the approximate location of line existed in image was ascertained by such method, and the characteristic point sets in the candidate areas were obtained roughly. Then, the basic principle of line detection by using least square method was discussed, the accurate line parameters were acquired by applying least square method to fit these lines detected by the improved Hough transform, and the eventual edge lines were obtained by adding pattern clustering. Finally, the edge detection experiment was carried out by the method in the dark and noisy PCB photoelectric image acquired actually. The results show that the proposed method can better incarnate the PCB circuitry detection.

关 键 词：印制电路板线路检测 直线检测 印制电路板光电图像 改进HOUGH变换 最小二乘法 势函数模型 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]