高HCO_3^-浓度对细基江蓠繁枝变型生长及生理生化特征的影响  

Effect of high HCO_3^- concentrations on the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of Gracilaria tenuistipitata

作　　者：李小伟[1] 么宗利[1] 周凯[1] 林听听[1] 王慧[1] 来琦芳[1] 应成琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,中国水产科学研究院盐碱地渔业工程技术研究中心,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第4期843-850,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2012A0801)

摘　　要：为探讨高碳酸盐碱度水质对江蓠的影响,本研究对比分析了高HCO3-浓度(12、24、36、48 mmol/L)与低HCO3-浓度(1.8 mmol/L)条件下细基江蓠繁枝变型(Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.liui Zhang et Xia)的生长及生理生化特征。经过10 d的培养后发现高HCO3-浓度组中江蓠的特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),表明高HCO3-浓度有利于促进江蓠的生长。随着HCO3-浓度的增加,江蓠的叶绿素a、藻红素、类胡萝卜素含量呈逐渐下降趋势,丙二醛含量呈增加趋势。当HCO3-浓度从1.8 mmol/L增加到24 mmol/L时,江蓠SGR、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈增加的趋势,而从24 mmol/L增加到48 mmol/L时,这3种指标均呈下降趋势。相关分析表明,江蓠SGR与SOD活性呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),说明HCO3-浓度的增加对江蓠生长产生一定胁迫作用,但其具有由抗氧化酶形成的自身防御系统,能够在一定HCO3-浓度范围内保护藻体。在本实验条件下,江蓠对高HCO3-离子具有较强的耐受能力,其生长的最适HCO3-浓度为24 mmol/L,超过这一浓度对江蓠生长的促进作用有所减弱。本研究旨在通过探讨大型海藻对高HCO3-浓度的生长及生理生化适应性,为运用大型经济海藻对高碳酸盐型盐碱水域开发利用的可行性提供科学依据。The total amount of dissolved inorganic carbon in water includes CO2, H2CO3, HCO_3^-, and CO3^2-. At a pH of between 8.2-8.4, HCO^-_3 is the predominant component （approximately 90%）, and free CO2 contributes less than 1%. In China, saline-alkali water covers about 45.87 million ha, most of which is characterized by high carbonate alkalinity （CA） concentrations. Since high CA is a major stressor for living organisms, most of these saline-alkali water areas have little evidence of life. To take advantage of this unexploited resource, researchers have trialed the use aquatic plants to reduce the HCO^-_3 concentration in saline-alkali waters. The seaweed Gracilaria tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia is characterized by rapid growth and easy cultivation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of high HCO^-_3 concentrations on the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of G. tenuistipitata to provide basic information for the development of saline-alkali water using macroalga. G. tenuistipitata were grown for 10 d in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 200 mL culture medium with 1.8 （control）, 12 24, 36, or 48 mmol/L HCO^-_3. We then compared the physiological and biochemical characteristics of G. tenuistipitata among the different treatment groups. The water temperature（25℃±1℃）, salinity （20）, initial pH （8.2-8.4）, light intensity （5 000 1x）, light-dark cycle （12D ： 12h）, and algae density （5 g/L） were the same for all groups. The specific growth rates （SGR） of G. tenuistipitata in the high HCO^-_3 concentration groups were significantly higher than in the control after 10 d exposure （P〈0.05）, suggesting that the increase in HCO^-_3 enhanced growth in G. tenuistipitata. The effect may have been mediated by an increase in the available carbon （e.g., CO2） in the water. The increase in HCO^-_3 was associated with a gradual decrease in chlorophyll a, phycoerythrobilin, and carotenoid content in G. tenuistipitata, suggesting the increase in HCO

关 键 词：HCO3-浓度 细基江蓠 特定生长率 光合色素 抗氧化酶 丙二醛 

分 类 号：S968.4[农业科学—水产养殖]