广东长潭水库浮游生物群落结构特征  

Community Structure Characteristics of Plankton in Changtan Reservoir,Guangdong Province

作　　者：胡国成[1] 姚玲爱[1] 张丽娟[1] 许振成[1] 崔科[2] 赵学敏[1] 刘芸[1] 郑丹[2] 刘伟锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广州510642

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2013年第6期824-833,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：环境保护部水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项监控预警主题(No.2009ZX07527-005);国家自然科学基金项目(No.21107028);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.zx_200910_26)

摘　　要：长潭水库是广东梅州市重要的备用水源地,属于国家一类水源保护区。2010年7月,通过分析长潭水库浮游生物群落组成、生物量及多样性指数等群落结构特征和水体理化指标,揭示长潭水库富营养化水平。结果显示,长潭水库鉴定出55种浮游植物,隶属于6个门,优势种为绿藻门的栅藻(Scenedesmus sp.)、蓝藻门的微囊藻(Microcystis sp.)和伪鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)、隐藻门的隐藻(Cryptophyta sp.)以及硅藻门的小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)和针杆藻(Synedra sp.);藻类密度范围1.71×106~2.44×108cells/L;浮游动物共检出44种,包括轮虫、枝角类和桡足类,其中轮虫是主要类群。综合营养状态指数评价结果显示,长潭水库部分水体呈轻度富营养化。典范对应分析结果显示,浮游动物、溶解氧、总氮、总磷和化学需氧量是影响长潭水库浮游植物群落结构的关键环境因子。Changtan Reservoir is one of importance drinking water sources in eastern area of Guangdong Province and as well as a national water conservation area. The community structure characteristics of plankton in the Changtan Reservoir was determined and used to assess eutrophication status of the water resource. Water was sampled at 8 point in the reservoir In July 2010 and plankton species composition, abundance and distribution were investigatod. Total of 55 species belonging to 6 phyla of phytoplankton were identified. The species belonged to Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Cryptophyta and Bacillariophyta were dominated, while species in Dinophyta and Euglenophyta were much less. The density of the phytoplankton was varied from 1.71 × 10^6to 2.44 × 10^8 cells/L. The diversity index （H＇） of phytoplankton indicated that water sampled at Shaping station and Zhuyefeng station were highly polluted. At the same time, 44 species zooplankton belonging to Rotifera, Cladoeera and Copepoda were identified. Among the zooplankton, Rotaria was dominant phyla. The indicators species of eutrophication, such as Brachionus forficula, B. caudatus, Filinia longiseta, Keratella valga, and Trichocerca similis were widely distributed in the Reservoir. The abundances of zooplankton were ranged from 40 to 1 588 ind/L. According to the comprehensive trophic state index （TSI） and the plankton community structure analyses, the water in the Changtan Reservoir was slightly eutrophied. The l^esults of Canonical Correspondence Analysis on relationship between phytoplankton and environment indicated that the distribution of phytoplankton in Changtan Reservoir was strongly affected by environmental factors.

关 键 词：浮游生物 群落组成 营养状况 长潭水库 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：Q178.5[生物学—水生生物学]