江阴市某两家轧钢企业接触噪声作业人员听力防护调查  

Investigation on hearing protection of noise-exposed workers in two steel rolling enterprises in Jiangyin City

作　　者：冯鸿义[1] 周菊静[1] 曹恒富[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省江阴市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与职业病防治所,214434

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第22期2901-2903,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江苏省预防医学科研课题立项项目(项目编号:Y2012042)

摘　　要：目的通过了解企业噪声作业人员护听器使用情况，为制定干预对策及保护作业者身体健康提供科学依据。方法以江阴市噪声危害严重的轧钢企业为研究对象，分析作业人员职业暴露特点、检测工作环境中的噪声强度并进行频谱分析，并通过问卷和现场调查获得劳动者护听器使用及噪声防护的认知情况。结果环境作业点（117个）噪声强度检测合格率为49．6％，主要岗位噪声暴露强度为67．1—96．3dB（A）。接触噪声8h等效声级（￡k。。）≥85dB（A）的有346人，其高频损失和语频损失总检出率为31．2％。全程佩戴护听器的人员为72．5％，参加噪声危害教育的占92．8％，了解噪声危害的占80．3％，正确使用防护用品的占65．0％。结论必须严格落实《工业企业职工听力保护规范》的实施，对职工进行听力防护知识重点培训，减少职业病的发生。[ Objective] To understand the use rate of hearing protectors among noise-exposed workers in enterprises, provide scien- tific basis for making the effective intervention measures and protecting the health of workers. [ Methods] The investigation was per- formed in the steel rolling enterprises with serious noise hazards in Jiangyin City, to study the characteristics of occupational noise exposure, detect the noise intensity in the work environment, and analyze its frequency spectrum. The use rate of hearing protectors and cognition rate of noise protection among workers were investigated by questionnaires and field survey. [ Results ] The qualified rate of noise intensity in 117 monitoring points was 49.6%, and the noise intensity of the main posts was 67.1-96.3 dB（ A}. 346 workers were exposed to noise exposure level （LEX, 8h） greater than or equal to 85 dB（A）, while the detection rate of hearing loss in both high frequency and speech frequency was 31.2%. 72.5% of workers have.＇？ always worn the hearing protectors during their working, 92.8% have received the education of noise hazards, 80. 3% have known the noise hazards, and 65.0% can use the protective articles correctly. [ Conclusion ] It is important to strictly implement the Rules of hearing protection among workers in industrial enterprises, carry out the training of knowledge about hearing protection, to prevent the occupational diseases.

关 键 词：轧钢工人 听力保护 调查 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]