从“客观实在”到“话语”的变革——奥图泰尔批判地缘政治理论的分析进路  

The Transformation from “Objective Reality” to “Discourse Analysis”——Analytic approach of the critical geopolitics of O'Tuathail. G

作　　者：张娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《理论界》2013年第11期16-18,共3页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：批判地缘政治学是地缘政治学的新形式。奥图泰尔作为批判地缘政治学的代表性人物,将后现代主义分析和解构方法引入地缘政治学,通过分析"具体景观"、"选址"和"知识引用"的关系,提出地理是一种带有价值立场的地理知识或书写。在此基础上,他对话语生产主体和生产过程进行分析,揭示出这种话语和书写的背后权力的运行和实施。同时,他指出从现代主义情境到后现代主义情境的过渡中,出现了很多新地缘政治话语,但批判地缘政治学的任务,始终是质疑这些话语背后存在的"地理-政治性"问题。奥图泰尔批判理论最大的成就在于,他将地缘政治理论视为话语和书写,并从话语建构过程中发现理论中存在的问题,他提供了一种系统性的批判方法,为批判地缘政治学获得更大的发展奠定了重要基础。Critical geopolitics is the new form of Geopolitics. O＇Tuathail. G, as the representative figure of Critical geopolitics, introduced the analysis of post-modernism and deconstnlction method into Geopolitics. Through analyzing ＂ sight/site/cite＂, he proposed a geographic position with a value of geographical knowledge or writing. To further it, he revealed the power behind the geopolitical discourses and writings. Moreover, He pointed out that during the contextual transition of modernism to postmodernism, there have been some new geopolitical discourses; the main task of critical geopolitics, however, is still to question the ＂ geo-politics＂, which is potentially problematic. His greatest achievement lies in the fact that he transformed the seemingly objective reality claimed by Geopolitics, into the analytic discourse, and challenged the underlying questions of geopolitical discourse. He provides for a systematic critique of methods for geopolitics, and promotes the further theoretical development under the new context.

关 键 词：批判地缘政治学 奥图泰尔 地缘政治话语 地缘政治书写 

分 类 号：D6[政治法律—政治学]