固体有机物合成的低温共熔溶剂的研究及其对纤维素的溶解  

Study of Deep Eutectic Solvents Prepared from Solid Organic Compounds and Their Application on Dissolution for Cellulose

作　　者：刘会茹[1] 周二鹏[1] 张雪红[1] 张星辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院化工学院,石家庄050035

出　　处：《材料导报》2013年第20期95-98,109,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20976107);河北省自然科学基金

摘　　要：对固体有机物尿素、己内酰胺、乙酰胺以不同配比制备的尿素/己内酰胺、尿素/乙酰胺和乙酰胺/己内酰胺3种低温共熔溶剂进行了研究,并考察了其物理化学性质（熔点、电导率等）.结果表明,随着物质的量比的不同,低共熔溶剂的熔点不同,最佳物质的量比分别为1∶3、1∶2和1∶1,在最佳物质的量比下的熔点分别为30℃、48℃和18℃.低温共熔溶剂的电导率在10-4～10-5 S/m数量级,随温度的升高,电导率增加,电导率与温度符合Arrhenius方程.IR测试结果显示,固体有机物各自分子内的氢键消失,形成了新的氢键.初步探讨了纤维素在3种体系中的溶解性能,结果显示,3种溶剂对纤维素有一定的溶解能力.通过分析得出,该类共熔体溶剂为酰胺类溶剂,主要通过其羰基上的氧原子和氨基上的氮原子与纤维素上的羟基形成氢键.IR和XRD测试结果表明,纤维素和再生纤维素有相似的结构,但纤维素的晶型从Ⅰ型转变为Ⅱ型.Three kinds of deep eutectic solvents including urea/caprolactam, urea/acetamide and acetamide/ caprolactam were formed among urea, caprolactam and acetamide. The physical properties such as melting point and conductivity were measured. It was shown that they were significantly affected by the mole ratio of the organic com- pounds and three systems at 1 ： 3, 1 ： 2 and 1 ： 1 gave a liquid with the freezing point of 30 ℃, 48℃ and 18 ℃, re- spectively. The conductivity in the range 10-s S/m to 10 4 S/m changed with the temperature and obeyed Arrhenius equation. IR showed that the hydrogen-bonds of raw compounds disappeared and new hydrogen-bonds were formed. The application of three systems on the dissolution for cellulose were discussed. It was showed that the solubility of cellulose was low. The dissolving process was the forming of new hydrogen-bond between hydroxy of cellulose and ox- ygen （carbonyl）/nitrogen （amino）. IR and XRD results showed that the structures of original cellulose and regenera- ted cellulose were similar; however, the crystalline structure of cellulose converted to cellulose Ⅱ from cellulose Ⅰ of the original cellulose.

关 键 词：低温共熔溶剂 纤维素 离子液体 溶解 

分 类 号：O636.1[理学—高分子化学]