以综合治理感染性钉螺环境为重点措施的血吸虫病防治  

Effect of emphasis on comprehensively treating environment of infected snails to controlschistosomiasis

作　　者：王加松[1] 李华忠[2] 何亮才[1] 袁梅枝[1] 荣先兵[1] 贺正文 杨志强 王友斌 万东方 

机构地区：[1]湖北省荆州市疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病预防控制所,湖北荆州434000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心 [3]湖北省公安县血吸虫病预防控制所 [4]湖北省监利县血吸虫病预防控制所

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2013年第6期24-26,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心工作委托项目(NO.2010-36-W-063)

摘　　要：目的评价湖沼地区感染性钉螺环境综合防治处理措施效果，为制定“一村一策”防治策略提供依据。方法2011-2012年在省部联系点公安县和监利县选择6个村设观察组和对照组，观察组采取两次人畜同步化疗、2—4次药物灭螺、健康教育、野粪调查与处理综合措施，对照村开展常规防治措施，纵向和横向比较观察组和对照组实施效果。结果2012年效果考核观察组均未发现感染性钉螺，对照组钉螺感染率较2010年0．15％升至0．17％，上升了13．33％，差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．08，P=0．896）。观察组活螺平均密度下降了59．57％，人群感染率下降了46．44％，差异性有统计学意义（x^2=7．37，P=0．006），耕牛感染率逐年下降，2012年降为0。对照组活螺平均密度下降了34．69％，耕牛感染率年间波动，2011年较2010年上升2．96％，差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．12，P〉0．965），2012年降为0。均未发生急性血吸虫病病例。结论综合治理感染性钉螺环境措施控制血吸虫病效果明显。Objective To evaluate the effect of emphasis on comprehensively treating environment of infected snails to control schistosomiasis in lakes region, in order to provide basis for developing ＂ one village one policy＂. Methods In Gongan and Jianli counties （the joint observation point of the Ministry and province）, six villages were selected as observation and control group from 2011 to 2012. In the observation group ,two times of chemotherapy for patients and livestock, two times of spreading molluscicide,health education, wild dung survey and other comprehensive measures were taken to compare the horizontal and longitudinal control effect. Results In 2012 no infectious snail was found in the observation group,while in the control group ,the infectious snail rate increased from 0. 15% （2010） to 0. 17% （ 2012）, an increase of 13.33%, the difference was of no statistical difference. In the observation group,live snail rate, on the average, had a decrease of 59. 57%, human infection rate had a decrease of 46. 44%, showed statistical difference （x^2 = 7.37, P 〈 0. 01 ）, cattle infection rate decreased yearly,being 0 in 2012. In the control group, the average density of live snail had a decrease of 34. 69%. The infection rate of cattle fluctuated yearly, in 2011 had an increase of 2.96%, as compared with 2010, with no statistical significance. In 2012,it decreased to 0. No acute case was found. Conclusion The effect of emphasis on comprehensively treating environment of infected snails to control schistosomiasis achieved significant results.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 感染性钉螺环境 综合治理 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]