委内瑞拉常压渣油萃取窄馏分催化裂化反应性能及产物中硫氮组成  

Catalytic cracking reaction of the extraction oils from Venezuela atmospheric residue by SFEF and analysis of sulfides and nitrides in products

作　　者：孙学文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《工业催化》2013年第11期56-61,共6页Industrial Catalysis

基　　金：国家重点基础研究基金(973计划)资助项目(2010CB226901;2010CB226902)

摘　　要：以正戊烷为溶剂，采用超临界溶剂萃取分馏装置将委内瑞拉常压渣油分离为15个窄馏分和一个脱油残渣。采用LHO-1催化剂，在温度500℃、剂油质量比4和空速30h^-1条件下，在小型固定流化床上对不同窄馏分进行催化裂化反应。结果表明，随着窄馏分的变重，干气产率从1．84％升至4．98％，液化气产率从12．18％升至14．47％，汽油产率则从37．49％降至16．73％，柴油产率由23．12％降至17．33％，焦炭产率由9．34％升至20．08％。窄馏分1^#-4^#具有良好的裂化性能，窄馏分5^#～9^#裂化性能中等，窄馏分10^#～15^#裂化性能较差。催化裂化汽油中硫化物主要以噻吩硫为主，尤其是短侧链烷基噻吩，约占90％。催化裂化柴油中硫化物主要为苯并噻吩，约为70％，其次是二苯并噻吩。催化裂化柴油中的含氮化合物主要为苯胺类、喹啉类、吲哚类和咔唑类，其中，吲哚及其衍生物约占总氮含量的50％，而一甲基、二甲基和三甲基的氮化物含量占氮化物总量的70％以上。Using n-pentane as the solvent, Venezuela atmospheric residue （ 〉 350 ℃ ） was separated into 15 narrow fractions and 1 fraction tailing by supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation（SFEF）. The catalytic cracking reaction of 15 narrow fractions over LHO-1 catalyst were carried out in a small-scale fixed fluidized bed under the optimum condition as follows ： reaction temperature 500 ℃, catalyst to oil mass ratio 4, and space velocity 30 h^-1. The results showed that with the increase of the density of narrow fractions,dry gas yield increased from 1.84% to 4.98%, LPG yield increased from 12.18% to 14.47%, gasoline yield decreased from 37.49% to 16.73% , diesel yield decreased from 23.12% to 17.33% and coke yield increased from 9.34% to 20.08%. The cracking reaction of narrow-cuts 1# -4# ,5# -9#, 10# -15# were good, medium and bad, respectively. The key sulfides existed in FCC gasoline were thiophene, espe- cially short alkyl-thiophene, and their contents was about 90%. The main sulfides existed in FCC diesel were benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene,and benzothiophene content was about 70%. The nitrides in FCC diesel included aniline, quinoline,indole and carbazole compounds, among which nitrogen content of indole and its derivant was about 50% of total nitrogen, and the content of monomethyl, dimethyl and trimethyl-nitrides was above 70% of total nitrogen.

关 键 词：石油化学工程 委内瑞拉常压渣油 窄馏分 催化裂化 硫分布 氮分布 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ426.95[化学工程]