峨眉山藏酋猴mtDNA控制区序列变异及种群遗传多样性  

Sequence Variation of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region and Population Genetic Diversity of Tibetan Macaques( Macaca thibetana) in the Emei Mountain

作　　者：姚永芳[1] 钟丽菁 刘家斌[1] 李苹[1] 王章训 胡江涛[1] 简宏博 徐怀亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川雅安625014 [2]峨眉山管委会农林水利局,四川峨眉614200

出　　处：《四川动物》2013年第6期801-807,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目[批准号:30970383];教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"创新团队项目(编号:IRT0848);四川省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目[批准号:08ZA076]

摘　　要：为更有效地保护藏酋猴Macaca thibetana野生种群,本文测定了来自峨眉山藏酋猴8个亚群体的47个样品mtDNA控制区5'端505 bp的序列,发现了27个变异位点(5.74%),定义了4种单倍型,其单倍型多样性(h)为0.236±0.079、核苷酸多样性(π)为0.00902±0.00354,单倍型之间的序列差异平均为0.623%,平均核苷酸差异(K)为4.274,单倍型序列之间变异较大,种群中的核苷酸多样性较高;将峨眉山的藏酋猴看成一个种群与同为四川地区的马边群体及安徽的黄山群体的相应序列进行比较,结果显示峨眉山藏酋猴种群mtDNA控制区序列与马边群体间的差异性较小,而与黄山群体间的差异性较大。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,90.04%的遗传变异发生在种群之间,仅有9.96%的变异发生在种群内。进一步分析表明,藏酋猴各地理种群间均不同程度地存在着一定的遗传分化(Fst=0.9004,P<0.05),种群间基因交流较贫乏(Nm<1)。基于最大似然法和邻接法构建的系统发生树均支持四川地区的藏酋猴种群和安徽黄山种群分别聚为不同的类群,支持将它们归入各自的管理单元;而本研究中的四川地区藏酋猴在系统发生树上也分为2个亚支,但这2个亚支并未与地理分布成完全的对应关系,应归为一个管理单元加以保护。In order to provide effectively protection for the wild Tibetan macaque （Macaca thibetana） population, we sequenced the mitochondrial D-Loop region （ 505 bp） of 47 Tibetan macaque individuals from eight geographic locations in Emei Mountain. A total of 27 polymorphic sites （5.74%） were observed and 4 haplotypes were defined. Haplotype diversity （h）, nucleotide diversity （π） and average number of nucleotide differences （K） were 0. 236 ± 0. 079, 0. 00902 ± 0. 00354 and 4. 274, respectively, suggesting a higher genetic diversity of Tibetan macaque in these areas. The sequence variation of mitochondrial DNA control region of Emei population was similar with Mabian, however, significant difference was observed when compared with the population of Huangshan. The result of molecular variance （AMOVA） analysis showed that 90.04% of the variation was happened interspecifically while 9.96% happened intraspecifically, suggesting that variations were mainly occurred among populations. Further analysis showed that there were a varying degrees of genetic differentiation （ Fst = 0. 9004, P 〈 0.05 ） and poor gene flow （ Nm 〈 1 ） among these geographical populations. The phyloge- netic trees constructed based on maximum likelihood method and neighbor-joining method suggested that Sichuan and Anhui Tibetan-macaque populations were clustered into separate groups, thus these two populations should be classed into different management units. Moreover, in this study, the Sichuan Tibetan macaques were clustered into two subclades, which were contrary to their geographical origins. Therefore, Emei and Mabian Tibetan macaques in Sichuan should be treated and proteeted as one management unit.

关 键 词：峨眉山 藏酋猴 MTDNA控制区 遗传多样性 序列变异 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]