深圳市盐田区2008～2012年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Yantian district,Shenzhen during 2008-2012

作　　者：谢舒娴 李雪梅[1] 黎大林[1] 李标[1] 高世同[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市盐田区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518081 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2013年第10期1250-1251,1277,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析深圳市盐田区流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集深圳市盐田区2008～2012年流行性腮腺炎疫情资料,并采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2008～2012年深圳市盐田区共报告流行性腮腺炎病例1 194例,年发病率介于17.63/10万～239.81/10万之间,呈逐年上升趋势;2011、2012年发病率大幅上升,出现暴发疫情。腮腺炎病例男女性别比为1.62:1,15岁以下儿童1062例,占88.94%,发病时间存在两个高峰期,分别为4～7月和11月～次年1月。辖区4个街道的年平均发病率从高到低依次为海山街道、盐田街道、沙头角街道、梅沙街道,不同街道的发病率存在显著差异(χ2=1848,P<0.001)。5年间共发生流行性腮腺炎突发公共卫生事件3起,其中2起发生在小学、1起发生在幼儿园。回顾性调查显示,疫苗接种可以有效降低流行性腮腺炎的发病率。结论盐田区流行性腮腺炎发病率呈现上升趋势,学校和托幼机构是疫情防控的重点单位,应加强病例监测与管理,提高儿童疫苗接种率,控制流行性腮腺炎的暴发与流行。Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Yantian district of Shenzhen city. Methods Descriptive analysis was used to assess the mumps data reported to surveillance system. Results Totaly 1 193 mumps cases were reported. The incidence rate increased from 2005 to 2012,with the lowest incidence of 17.63/100 000 and the highest one of 239.81/100 000. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.62：1. About 88.95% of cases occurred in children aged 〈15 years. Mumps peaks obviously were from April to July and from November to January. And the incidence of mumps was statistical significant in the four streets （X2=-1848,P〈0.001）. Rankings from the highest to the lowest wasHaishan sueet,Yanfian street, ShaotouJiao street and Meisha street,respectively. Three public health events were reported during these five years, of which 2 occurred in primary school, and one occurred in kindergartens. Vaccination could reduce the incidence of mumps. Conclusions Incidence of mumps increased obviously year by year,schools and kindergartens are the key control settings of mumps. Establishing symptom surveillance system and increase the vaccination coverage in children are the effective ways to prevent mumps prevalence.

关 键 词：关键词 流行性腮腺炎 流行病学特征 疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学]