稻壳添加高吸油聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of high oil-absorbing polyurethane foams by adding rice husk

作　　者：杜峰 项尚林 邹巍巍 黄琼 段佳巍 

机构地区：[1]江苏瑞丰科技实业有限公司,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《现代化工》2013年第11期78-81,83,共5页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC14B03)

摘　　要：采用一步法制备了稻壳添加的可降解高吸油聚氨酯泡沫。研究了稻壳添加量对聚氨酯泡沫的泡孔结构、拉伸强度、吸油性能、吸水性能和降解性能的影响。结果表明:随着稻壳添加量的增加,聚氨酯泡沫的吸油性能逐渐下降,但是添加了稻壳的聚氨酯泡沫始终保持较高的吸油倍率;聚氨酯泡沫对5种不同油品的吸油能力大小为:四氯化碳>甲苯>柴油>石油醚>原油,这与油品的分子体积以及黏度有关;聚氨酯泡沫的失重率随着稻壳添加量的增加而逐渐提高,并且在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中的失重率要高于土埋法中的失重率,说明稻壳的添加有效地提高了聚氨酯泡沫的降解性。A degradable high oil-absorbing polyurethane foam is prepared by adding rice husk via one-step method. The effects of rice husk content on the cell structure, tensile strength, oil absorption, water absorption and degradation property of polyurethane foams are investigated. The results show that the oil absorption ratio of polyurethane foams decreases with increasing concentration of rice husk, but it still remains a high absorption ratio. The oil absorption capacity of polyurethane foams ranks as ： carbon tetrachloride 〉 toluene 〉 diesel 〉 petroleum ether 〉 crude oil. The oil absorption capacity of polyurethane foams is related to molecular volume and viscosity of oil. The weight loss of polyurethane foams increase when the content of rice hunk increases. At the same time, the increase of weight loss in the phosphoric acid buffer solution is higher than that in soil burial test. It shows that addition of rice husk improves the degradation property of polyurethane foam effectively.

关 键 词：稻壳 降解 吸油 聚氨酯泡沫 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]