干燥方法与采收期对黄芩花中黄酮类化学成分的影响  

Effects of Different Drying Methods and Harvesting Time on Content of Flavonoids from Flowers of Scutellaria baicalensis

作　　者：肖苏萍[1] 何春年[2,3] 曾燕[1] 田壮[1] 赵润怀[1] 王继永[1] 宋国虎 韩志斌 杜越娟 田东凤 

机构地区：[1]中国药材公司,北京100195 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]国家教育部中草药物质基础与资源利用重点实验室,北京100193 [4]中国药材集团承德药材有限责任公司,河北承德067000

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2013年第11期975-980,共6页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：工业和信息化部消费品工业司中药材生产扶持项目--中药材产地加工技术平台建设[工信部消费(2011)340];国家中医药管理局中医药行业科研专项--20种道地药材特色栽培及加工技术整理;规范及应用(201107009)

摘　　要：目的:考察不同干燥方法对黄芩花中黄酮类化学成分的影响。同时采用自然晒干法,考察采样时间对黄芩花中黄酮类化学成分的影响。方法:采集完全开放的黄芩花,分别采用阴干、烘干、晒干、真空干燥和微波干燥五种不同的干燥方法进行干燥,比色法分析花中总黄酮含量,HPLC法分析黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、野黄芩苷、白杨素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷和芹菜素七种成分的含量。于七月中旬到八月下旬,每周采集完全开放的黄芩花,同时收集自然脱落的黄芩花,观察相关黄酮类化学成分的动态变化。结果:不同干燥方法对黄芩花中不同黄酮类成分影响有一定的差异。其中微波干燥法利于保留总黄酮、野黄芩苷和黄芩苷,阴干法利于保留芹菜素,真空干燥法利于保留黄芩素。干燥方法的差异对白杨素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷的影响不大;采收时间对黄芩花中黄酮化学成分有一定的影响。其中总黄酮、野黄芩苷和芹菜素在七月底八月初均出现了峰值,白杨素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷在第一次采样点含量最高,之后急剧下降进入平稳期。黄芩苷和黄芩素含量在整个采集期内含量均比较稳定。与直接采摘的黄芩花相比,自然脱落的紫花和白花中总黄酮、黄芩苷、白杨素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、芹菜素和黄芩素含量均较低。汉黄芩苷和汉黄芩素在所有实验中未检出到。结论:微波干燥法对于保存黄芩花中的药效成分效果较其他方法好,自然晒干法比较方便和经济。在黄芩盛花期的7月底到8月初集中采集完全开放的黄芩花,其质量佳,成本低。Objective： To compare the effect of different drying methods on the content ot tlavononls from flowers of Scutellariabaicalensis, and study the effect of harvesting time on the flavonoids components. Methods： Har-vesting the fully expanded flowers of Scutellaria baicalensis on the late July in full-bloom stage, and drying the material using the methods of shade drying, baking, drying in the sun, vacuum drying and microwave drying. Analyze the to-tal flavonoids content using colorimetric method. Analyze the content of baicalin, baicalein, wogonin-7-glucuronide, wogonin, scutellarin, chrysin and apigenin using HPLC respectively. Collecting the flowers during middle July and late August, and collecting the flowers of fall off naturally at the late August, study the dynamic change of the fla-vonoids. Results： Effects of different drying methods on the content of flavonoids were different. The content of total flavonoids, scutellarin and baicalin was higher using the method of microwave drying than others, the apigenin content was higher using shade drying method and the baicalein was higher using vacuum drying method than others. The differ-ent drying methods had no effect on the chrysin. The collecting time had some effect on different flavonoids. The con-tents of total flavonoids, scutellarin and apigenin had the peak value during the late of July and the beginning of Au-gust. The chrysin had showen the highest content at the first collecting time, and then reached a plateau with a sharp decreasing. The content of baicalin and baicalein was relatively stable during whole collecting time. The content of total flavonoids, baicalin, scutellarin, apigenin and baicalein of the purple and white flowers falling off naturally was rela-tive lower than the harvest material. The wogonin-7-glucuronide and wogonin did not been detected during all the exper-iments. Conclusion： The method of microwave drying was superior to other methods as the drying method to keep the active ingredients of flavonoids, but the method of

关 键 词：黄芩花 干燥方法 采收期 黄酮成分 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]