中学生科学技术形象的影响因素及改善方略探析  

Middle School Students' Images of Science and Technology

作　　者：张正严[1,2] 廖伯琴[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学科学教育研究中心,重庆400715 [2]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240 [3]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2013年第6期79-84,127,共6页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"西南民族传统科技的教育转换研究"(项目编号:11JJD880017);重庆市人文社会科学重点研究基地项目"融合物理学史的中学物理教学设计研究"(项目编号:08jwsk294);西南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:XDJK2013C078)

摘　　要：中学生对科学技术印象的好坏对他们将来是否选择从事科学技术研究及相关事业有重要影响。结合国内外相关研究,我们指出:中学生的科学技术形象是许多外部因素影响的结果,其中教科书、教师和大众媒体为主要因素。改变教师对科学技术的刻板印象、开展各类让学生接触真实的"科学家"、"科学技术"的科技教育活动、完善大众媒体传播的科学技术形象,将有助于改变学生对科学技术的刻板印象,引导学生树立积极的科学技术形象。最后,我们认为改善中学生的科学技术形象是科技界和教育界共同的责任。Middle school students' perception of science and technology has important influence on whether or not they would choose scientific and technological research or other related fields as their careers. Based on researches home and abroad, the authors point out that students' image of S&T results from many external factors, among which textbooks, teachers and mass media are of main service. It is conducive to transforming the stereotype concepts of students about science and technology and guiding them to build up the positive images of them to change teachers' stereotype concepts of S&T, conduct various kinds of scientific and technological activities in which students can better understand the 'real' scientists and S&T, and perfect the scientific and technological image spread by mass media. Finally the authors think that it is the duty both for the S&T circle and for the educational circle to improve middle school students' images of S&T.

关 键 词：中学生 科学技术形象 影响因素 刻板印象 改善 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]