论达尔文宗教观的演变  

On Evolution of Darwin's Religious Views

作　　者：张增一[1] 李亚宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049 [2]北方工业大学思政教研部,北京100041

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2013年第6期85-92,127,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：由于进化论对宗教信仰带来的严峻挑战,达尔文个人的宗教信仰问题也成了人们普遍关心的话题。本文以丰富的材料为基础,重点围绕着达尔文对物种变化的认识过程,以及发生在他生活中的有关重要事件,分析了达尔文宗教观的演变过程以及导致他放弃基督教信仰的主要因素。本文认为,达尔文对物种变化的认识促使了他在认识论上对宗教信仰产生怀疑,他父亲和爱女安妮的死则促使他完成了在道德上对基督教信仰的怀疑,而他晚年在信仰问题上的波动则与他顾及亲友的宗教情感有关。本文还揭示出,达尔文进化论是维多利亚时期信仰危机的结果,并且进一步加剧了这场危机。The religious views of Charles Darwin have become a widely concerned topic because his theory has brought the most serious challenge to Christianity. Focusing on the evolution of Darwin's theory and some important events happened in his life, this paper tries to describe the evolution of his religious views and find the key factors which are responsible for his loss of Christian faith. The authors conclude that Darwin's recognition of species transformation led epistemologically to his doubt about religious belief, and the deaths of his father and his beloved daughter Annie led morally to his doubt about Christianity. The fluctuation in the religious belief in his later years was connected to the fact that he took his relatives' and friends' religious emotion into account. This paper also demonstrates that Darwinism is the result of religious crisis in Victorian England, and it intensified the crisis.

关 键 词：达尔文 进化论 基督教 宗教 

分 类 号：N091[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]