吉林水稻纹枯病菌多核和双核菌株生物学特性比较  

Comparison of Biological Characteristics between Multinucleate and Binucleate Rhizoctonia from Rice in Jilin Province

作　　者：刘志恒[1] 胡积祥[1] 王世维[1] 侯悦[1] 黄欣阳[1] 李忠祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2013年第4期428-433,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-02A)

摘　　要：对采自吉林省的水稻纹枯病菌多核菌株与双核菌株进行了生物学特性比较研究。测定结果表明:对于菌丝生长速度,多核菌株比双核菌株明显较快,但双核菌株菌落相对致密。多核菌株在PDA上生长最快,稻秆煎汁培养基上最慢;而双核菌株在玉米粉琼脂培养基上生长最快,在孟加拉红琼脂培养基上最慢。两者菌株菌丝生长最适碳源均为可溶性淀粉和查氏培养基;多核菌株菌丝生长最适氮源为苯丙氨酸,而双核菌株为蛋白胨。光照能抑制多核菌株菌丝生长,但对双核菌株影响较小。二者菌丝生长最适温度均为30℃。多核菌株在pH值为7时菌丝生长最快;而双核菌株以pH值为8时最适。对于菌核形成,两种菌株均以玉米和查氏培养基为最适。乳糖不利于多核菌株菌核产生,却较适宜于双核菌菌株;以果糖为碳源时,两者菌株菌核干重差异最大。KNO_3利于多核菌株产生菌核,而双核菌株以苯丙氨酸最适。多核菌株菌核形成适宜温度为20℃,而双核菌株为25℃。两者菌株菌核形成均以pH值5为最适。对于致死温度,多核菌株菌丝和新鲜菌核均为56℃,10min;而双核菌株为49℃,10min。Biological characteristics between multinucleate Rhizoctonia and binucleate Rhizoctonia from rice in Jilin province were compared.The results showed that multinucleate Rhizoctonia grew twice in speed than binucleate Rhizoctonia,but the mycelia of the later colony was denser in general.Muhinucleate Rhizoctonia grew fastest on PDA and slowest on rice straw juice medium.Binucleate Rhizoctonia grew fastest on the Corn Medium and slowest on the Rose Bengal Medium.For hypha growth of the both isolates,the optimum carbon sources were soluble starch and Czapek culture medium.The optimal N source of muhinucleate Rhizoctonia for hypha growth was phenylalanine,and it was peptone for binucleate Rhizoctonia.Light could inhibit the growth of Multinucleate Rhizoctonia hypha but did not affect binucleate Rhizoctonia hypha.The hypha growth optimum temperature of the two isolates was 30℃without exception.Multinucleate Rhizoctonia grew fastest with pH 7 and But it is pH 8 for binucleate Rhizoctonia.The most suitable culture media for both to produce sclerotia are the Corn and Czapek culture medium.Lactose was unconducive to produce sclerotia for Multinucleate Rhizoctonia,but suitable for binucleate Rhizoctonia.When fructose as only carbon source,the difference of dry weight of two types of sclerotia was most significant.The optimal N source for sclerotia production of multinucleate and binucleate Rhizoctonia was KNO3 and phenylalanine respectively.Multinucleate Rhizoctonia sclerotia forming optimum temperature was 20℃,and the binucleate one was 25℃.The optimum pH for the sclerotia formation of both isolates was 5.For each isolate,the mycelium and fresh sclerotium lethal temperature was the same：it of binucleate Rhizoctonia was 49℃,10min; and it for multinucleate Rhizoctonia＇s was 56℃,10min.

关 键 词：水稻纹枯病 多核菌株 双核菌株 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.111.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]