城轨列车车厢内空调通风系统数值模拟及优化  

Numerical Simulation and Optimization for the Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in the Compartment of Urban Rail Train

作　　者：曹小林[1] 李江[1] 曾伟[1] 孙浩[1] 杨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2013年第6期105-109,共5页China Railway Science

基　　金：广东省省部产学研结合引导项目(2011B090400338)

摘　　要：为解决城轨列车车厢内上送上回气流组织方式存在的气流短路问题,提出将排风口和回风口合并放在车厢内的座位下面,以及将排风口放在车厢中部位置、回风口放在车厢底部的2种优化方案。根据车厢实际尺寸,建立1/4车厢的简化物理模型,采用Realizable k—ε双方程湍流模型以及第3类、自由流、对称面和内热源边界条件,对优化前后车厢内空气的三维紊流流动和传热进行数值模拟分析。结果表明:所给出的2种优化方案均能有效改变车厢内气流漩涡的位置和强度,改善车厢内气流组织,解决气流短路问题,使车厢内温度分布更加均匀,并能降低车厢内的平均温度,减少车厢空调通风系统的能耗;综合比较,后一种优化方案更优。To solve the problem of airflow short circuit in the compartment of urban rail train with upper supply and upper return air distribution mode, two optimization schemes were presented. One was to place both the air outlet and return air inlet under the seat of railway compartment; the other was to place the air outlet in the middle and the return air inlet at the bottom of the compartment. One-fourth compartment simplified physic/d model was built according to the actual sizes. Numerical simulation and analysis were carried out on the three-dimensional turbulent flow and heat transfer of the air inside compartment before and after optimization by using the Realizablek--e double-equation turbulence model, the third boundary conditions, free flow, symmetry plane and internal heat source boundary conditions. The results show that both two optimization methods can effectively change the location and intensity of the vortex inside com- partment, improve the air distribution inside compartment, solve the problem of airflow short circuit and make the temperature distribution inside compartment more even. At the same time, the average tempera- ture inside compartment can be lowered, thus the energy consumption for air conditioning and ventilation system can be reduced. Through comprehensive comparisons of two optimization methods, the later one is superior.

关 键 词：城轨列车 车厢空调 气流组织 通风设计 优化 

分 类 号：U270.383[机械工程—车辆工程]