高寒沙地植被恢复区乌柳人工防护林对土壤的影响  

Effects of Salix cheilophila Plantation on the Improving of Soil Properties in Vegetation Restoration Area of High-Cold Sandy Land

作　　者：于洋[1] 贾志清[1,2] 朱雅娟[1,2] 赵淑伶 刘艳书 刘海涛[1] 李清雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [2]青海共和荒漠生态系统定位观测研究站,共和813000 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2013年第11期9-15,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204203);林业科学技术推广项目([2011]26)

摘　　要：以不同恢复年限(6,11,16和21年)的乌柳人工防护林为研究对象,以丘间低地为对照,研究高寒沙地不同林龄乌柳人工防护林对土壤水分含量、土壤有机质含量、土壤养分(全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾)含量和土壤pH值的影响。结果表明:乌柳林样地土壤含水量受林龄和深度的影响,上层土壤含水量变化较为剧烈;与对照相比,不同林龄乌柳林土壤有机质含量随恢复时间的增长显著增加,并呈现出一定的表聚性;在植被恢复过程中各林龄乌柳土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量变化差异显著(P<0.05),同一林龄乌柳林上层土壤(深度<100 cm)全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均高于下层;随植被恢复时间增长,土壤pH值逐渐降低,土壤碱性减弱;相关分析表明土壤有机质含量与土壤各养分含量之间呈显著线性正相关关系,土壤pH值与土壤各养分含量之间呈显著线性负相关关系。乌柳人工防护林能够使植被恢复区土壤化学性质不断改善,土壤肥力水平得到提高。This study was conducted in restored Salix cheilophila plantations on high-cold sandy land, with the dune slacks served as the control, to study effects of different ages （6, 11, 16 and 21 years） of plantations on the soil water content, soil nutrients （soil organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium ） content and soil pI-I value. The result showed that the soil water content in the plantation was influenced by the forest age and the soil depth （P 〈 0.05）. The water content in the top soil layers increased gradually with the extension of restoration time. The soil organic matters showed accumulation on the top soil layers compared with the lowland between dunes, and increased significantly with the extension of revegetation time. The content of the soil nutrients （soil organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium） varied significantly in different stand ages. In the same stand age, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents in the upper soil layers （depth 〈 100 cm） were higher than the lower soil layers. Soil pH values decreased gradually with the extension of restoration time. Correlation analysis showed the soil nutrient contents were positively and linearly correlated with soil organic matters but negatively linearly correlated with soil pH values. The research demonstrated that the soil chemical properties and soil fertility levels were improved gradually after the establishment of Salix cheilophila plantations in the vegetation restoration area.

关 键 词：高寒沙地 乌柳人工防护林 养分含量 改良土壤 

分 类 号：S714.6[农业科学—林学]