中国制造业的“成本上涨与利润增长并存”之谜  

Puzzle of Profits Maintained When Input Prices Increased in China's Manufacturing

作　　者：李晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2013年第12期65-80,共16页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

基　　金：中国社会科学院重点课题"生产要素价格上涨与中国工业发展模式转型研究";国家社会科学基金项目"经济全球化条件下的产业组织发展新趋势"(09CJY007);2013年国家发改委中国低碳发展宏观战略研究项目"中国低碳发展产业政策研究"(201312)的资助

摘　　要：2002-2007年中国制造业的原材料、工资等成本出现大幅度上涨，但与此同时，制造业的利润总额与利润率仍然呈增长趋势。利用投入一产出方法，本文研究发现，投入价格与工资上涨造成制造业利润减少，但通过提高产出的价格以及调整投入的结构、提高投入的使用效率能够消化成本上涨的影响，从而保持利润的增长。对成本上涨做出调整的过程也是产业升级的过程，由于应对成本上涨空间的有限性，应进一步加快中国制造业产业升级的步伐。During the period from 2002 to 2007, the cost of China＇s manufac- turing including materials, wages increased greatly, while the total profit and profit margin still increased steadily. Using the Input-Output method, this paper shows that the increase of the inputs price and wages reduce the profit of manufacturing. However, increasing the outputs price, adjusting the input structure and improving the usage efficiency of inputs can offset the influence of cost increase, therefore keep the increase of profit. The process of the reaction to the cost increase is also a process of industrial upgrading. Because of the limitation of coping with the cost in- crease, China＇s manufacturing must speed up its industrial up~：radin~ in future.

关 键 词：制造业 成本 利润 投入产出 产业升级 

分 类 号：F424.7[经济管理—产业经济]