江门地区农村卫生村创建前后公共卫生状况与感染性疾病调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on status of public health and infectious diseases before and after the establishment of health village in Jiangmen rural area

作　　者：尹本康 郑南才[1] 钟瑞美 谢广龙[2] 刘鹰航 吴尔明 李艳清[1] 吴宏图[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市疾病预防控制中心,529030 [2]江门市卫生局

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第21期2872-2874,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江门市科技计划项目(江科[2011]92号)(项目编号:2011-10)

摘　　要：目的了解江门地区农村居民卫生村创建前后公共卫生状况与感染性疾病情况,为今后创建卫生村提供科学依据。方法以卫生村创建标准中相关的内容,设计调查问卷,对村民开展现场检查,并对调查资料进行统计分析。结果对卫生村创建后121人(户)与创建前234人(户)的结果进行比较,卫生村创建后村民家居环境、户厕清洁度、户厕完整性、户厕内卫生管理、自来水普及率、水质合格率、道路硬底化率、卫生户厕普及率、无害化处理率等13项指标均好于卫生村创建前,两者之间,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);卫生村创建后肠道传染病(沙门菌、痢疾、甲型肝炎)、感染性腹泻和寄生虫感染的发病率均低于创建前,但两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论卫生村创建后各项指标均好于卫生村创建前。创建卫生村能改善家居环境卫生面貌,提高家庭生活质量,产生了卫生、环境、经济和社会等一系列效益,促进了新农村建设和发展。[ Objective] To understand the status of public health and infectious diseases before and after the establishment of health village in Jiangmen rural area, provide scientific basis for establishing health village in the future. [ Methods ] The questionnaires were designed in accordance with the relevant contents in the standard of establishment of health village, the field investigation was conducted among residents, and the investigation data were analyzed statistically. [ Results] The results of 121 people （ households ） after the establishment of health village were compared with those of 234 people （households） before the establishment. 13 indexes after the establishment, including living environment of villagers, household toilet cleanliness, household toilet integrity, hygiene management of household toilet, coverage rate of tap water, qualified rate of water, hard bottom rate of road, coverage rate of hygiene household toilet and harmless treatment rate, were significantly better than those before the establishment （P 〈0.01）. After the establishment of health village, the incidence rates of intestinal diseases （ Salmonella, Shigella and hepatitis A }, infectious di- arrhea and parasitic infection were lower than those before the establishment, but the differences were not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion] All indexes after the establishment of health village are better than those before the establishment. The establishment of health village can improve the health condition of living environment, enhance the life quality of family, produce a series of benefits, including health, environment, economy and society, and promote the construction and development of the new countryside.

关 键 词：卫生村 创建前后 公共卫生 感染性疾病 调查 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]