静电喷雾法制备高效染料敏化太阳能电池的二氧化钛光阳极  

Preparation of high efficiency TiO_2 photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells by electrostatic spray

作　　者：吴敬波[1] 穆丹华 朱彤珺[1,2] 密保秀[1] 高志强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学材料科学与工程学院信息材料与纳米技术研究院,南京210046 [2]江苏省平板显示与固体照明工程中心,南京邮电大学,南京210046

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2013年第11期1512-1519,共8页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20974046;61077021;61076016);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划;2009CB930600);南京邮电大学基金(NY212050;NY212076)资助

摘　　要：TiO2光阳极膜是染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的核心部件之一,它对电池的光电转换效率起决定性作用.TiO2电极一般采用刮涂法和丝网印刷法制备.近3年,通过静电喷雾制备光阳极的方法得到国内外学者的关注.静电喷雾制备光阳极会受到多种因素的影响,如电压、流速、悬浮液浓度、喷雾距离以及喷雾时间等.但这些因素对成膜和DSSC器件性能的影响却没有得到全面的研究或者报道.本文使用静电喷雾法制备了多孔TiO2纳米膜,并研究了以其为电极的电池器件特性.经过超声充分分散的稳定TiO2乙醇悬浮液在高电压下喷雾到导电玻璃上成膜.通过改变电喷雾距离,得到了具有不同形貌的TiO2光阳极膜,并解释了其形成的机理及其对电池性能的影响.研究还表明,光阳极膜的TiCl4处理能够很好地改善电池性能.通过优化,基于流速为0.8 mL/h、电喷雾距离和时间分别为2.2 cm和8 min条件下制备的光阳极,结合TiCl4处理,组装的电池在模拟太阳光源AM 1.5G下光电转化效率达6.24%.In dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSC）, one of the key components is TiO2 anode, which plays an important role in determining the device efficiency. TiO2 electrodes are generally prepared by doctor blade or screen printing. Electrostatic spray （ES） has started to get attention for TiO2 electrodes preparation in recent years. The preparation of photoanode by electrostatic spray depends on many factors, such as voltage, feeding rate, concentration of the TiO2 suspension, spray distance and time, etc. However, the influences of these factors on the fabrication and the device performance have not been reported. This work describes the detail of TiO2 anodes preparation by ES method and their corresponding DSSC devices characterization. TiO2 powders （i.e. P25 powder） was dissolved in ethanol and dispersed thoroughly under suitable ultrasonic process, yielding TiQ suspension with high stability and quality. This well dispersed TiO2 suspension was sprayed onto the FTO under a high electronic field. TiO2 photoanodes with different microstructures and morphologies were obtained by changing the spraying distance; their formation mechanism and impact on the cell performance were studied. Moreover, it was also showed that the post-treatment with TIC14 aqueous could significantly improve the efficiency of the cell. By optimizing, high power conversion efficiency of 6.24% could be achieved under the following condition： liquid feeding rate of 0.8 mL/h, spraying distance of 2.2 cm, spraying time of 8 min.

关 键 词：染料敏化太阳能电池 光阳极 静电喷雾 二氧化钛 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]