实际垃圾渗滤液短程生物脱氮的常温实现及低温维持  

The achievement of partial nitrification and denitrification at normal temperature and maintenance at low temperature for real landfill leachate

作　　者：孙洪伟[1,2] 郭英[1] 彭永臻[2] 谢红刚 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124 [3]大连市市政设计研究院有限责任公司,辽宁大连116011

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2013年第11期1972-1977,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51168028);甘肃省青年基金计划项目(1107RJYA279);兰州交通大学大学生实验创新计划项目(201078)

摘　　要：采用单级UASB-SBR生化系统处理实际垃圾渗滤液,主要考察了常、低温条件下,该生化系统短程生物脱氮的长期稳定性,同时研究了SBR内短程硝化的实现机理及微生物种群特性.598d试验结果表明:单级UASB-SBR生化系统对渗滤液内COD,NH4+-N和TN的去除率分别为92.0%,99.2%和98.0%以上,实现渗滤液内有机物和氮的深度去除.经过116d运行,SBR系统实现了短程硝化,亚硝积累率(NAR)达到90%以上,此后稳定运行,成功跨越2个冬季,15℃以下共计171d,最低温度为10.2℃.游离氨(FA)和过程控制的协同作用是实现与维持SBR内短程硝化的决定因素.荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术检测表明:氨氧化菌(AOB)已经成为SBR硝化菌群中的优势菌属.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检测表明:AOB菌属以活椭球状亚硝化球菌属(Nitrosococcus)和杆状亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)为主.The landfill leachate treatment was investigated by using an UASB-SBR biological system. The long-term stability of nitrogen removal via nitrite at normal and low temperature was studied. Furthermore, the achievement mechanism of partial nitrification and characteristic of nitrifying bacteria were investigated in SBR. 598days experimental result showed that the removal efficiencies of COD, NH4＋-N and TN reached 92.0%, 99.2% and 98.0%, respectively. The advanced nitrogen removal was achieved in the system. Partial nitrification was achieved after 116days operation in SBR, and nitrite accumulation ratio （NAR） reached above 90%. The higher NAR was maintained for 171days at low 15℃ and the lowest temperature of 10.2℃ during two winters. The effect of free ammonia （FA） inhibition and process control was used to achieve nitrite pathway in the SBR. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria （AOB） was dominant by fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） techniques analysis, and the spherical Nitrosococcus and rod-shaped Nitrosomonas were dominant in ammonia oxidizing bacteria by scanning electron microscope （SEM） techniques analysis.

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 短程硝化 AOB和NOB FISH和SEM 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]