头孢噻肟污染条件下土壤呼吸、部分酶活性的短期响应及土壤细菌PCR-DGGE分析  

Short-term response of soil microbial respiration,enzyme activities,bacteria population and PCR-DGGE profiles of bacterial communities to cefotaxime pollution

作　　者：姚振飞 魏松林[2] 梅丽娟[2] 胡健[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆山市土壤肥料站,江苏昆山215300 [2]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2013年第3期70-74,共5页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470060)

摘　　要：采用常规土壤酶活力测定方法、平板菌落计数法以及PCR-DGGE技术,分析头孢噻肟污染对土壤呼吸作用、部分酶活性、细菌数量以及细菌多样性的短期影响。结果表明:①头孢噻肟明显刺激处理后1～14d土壤呼吸强度,处理21d后刺激作用消失;头孢噻肟明显提高处理后1、18d土壤脲酶活性,处理后3、7d抑制作用明显;不同浓度头孢噻肟处理初期,土壤过氧化氢酶活力均受到抑制,随着培养时间的延长抑制率下降,并且低、中浓度头孢噻肟处理分别在处理后3、7d开始表现出对过氧化氢酶一定程度的刺激作用。②培养1～3d,各处理对土壤细菌数量具有一定的刺激作用,7d后中、高浓度处理对土壤细菌有一定抑制作用,而18d后各浓度处理土壤细菌数量基本恢复到对照水平。③采用Quantity One 4.6(Bio-Rad)软件,对PCR-DGGE图谱中各处理1、18d条带进行分析,发现头孢噻肟处理对样品可检测条带数没有影响,但对处理初期细菌优势种群丰度产生影响,此后逐渐恢复到对照水平。总之,头孢噻肟污染对供试土壤微生物活性、细菌数量以及优势种群的丰度具有不同程度的短期影响,但随着时间的延长,影响逐渐消失。The short-term effect of cefotaxime at three dosage levels： low （LC, 10 mg ·kg^-1）, medium （MC, 50 mg ·kg^-1） and high （HC, 200 mg · kg^-1） on the soil microbial respiration, enzyme activities, bacteria population and PCR-DGGE profiles of bacterial communities were studied by general measuring methods of soil respiraition and enzyme activity, plate culture count methods and PCR-DGGE techniques. Results showed that： （1） The soil microbial res- piration was significantly stimulated by cefotaxime treated after 1 to 14 days but turned to the normal level 21 days after treatment. The soil urease activity was significantly stimulated by cefotaxine treated after 1 day and 18 days but significantly inhibited after 3 days and 7 days. The soil catalase activity was significantly inhibited by cefotaxime in the early treatement stage, while the treating time was prolonged, the inhibition degree decreased under HC, and even stimulation effects was observed under LC and MC after 3 and 7 days respectively. （2） The soil bacteria population was stimulated a little after 1 to 3 days under different concentrations of cefotaxime, but reverse trends was observed under MC and HC after 7 days, and turned to the normal level after 18 days under different treatment of cefotaxime. （3） The bacterial commu- nities PCR-DGGE profiles of the soil samples treated with cefotaxime after 1 and 18 days were analyzed with Quantity One 4.6, which indicated that the detectable bands numbers of different samples had no change under different concentrations of cefotaxime, but the soil dominant bacteria abundance varied in the early treatment stage and recovered to the level of the control 18 days after treatment. In summary, our data suggested that cefotaxime pollution had different effects on the soil bacteria quantity, biochemistry activity and dominant bacteria abundance in the early period, and the effects of cefotaxime varied with its concentrations and treatment times.

关 键 词：头孢噻肟 土壤呼吸 土壤酶活性 PCR—DGGE 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]