长江三角洲极端高温与西太平洋副热带高压的关系  

Relationship Between Extreme High Temperature in the Changjiang River Delta and the Western Pacific Subtropical High

作　　者：史军[1] 崔林丽[2] 梁萍[1] 穆海振[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市气候中心,上海200030 [2]上海市卫星遥感与测量应用中心,上海201199

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第11期1383-1389,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901031和41001283);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA05090204)资助

摘　　要：基于站点逐日最高气温资料、西太平洋副热带高压（wPsH）指数、NCEP／NCAR再分析资料以及上海逐日天气形势资料，分析长江三角洲极端高温与WPSH指数的关系，结果表明，1959～2010年期间，高温日数与当年WPSH面积和强度指数均呈显著正相关。空间上，高温日数与WPSH面积和强度指数在长江三角洲中部和南部偏东地区显著正相关，与WPSH西伸脊点仅在中部沿海地区显著负相关。高温日数与WPSH指数在8月相关最好。7、8月高温日数较多时，WPSH面积较大、强度较强、西伸脊点偏西。近8a来上海高温日的主要控制或影响天气系统都是WPSH，占高温总日数的95％。Under the impacts of global climate change and regional rapid urbanization, the extreme high tempera- ture events have increased in the Changjiang River Delta in recent years, which further have serious influence on regional society and economics system and residents＇ livings. Therefore, it is quite useful and necessary to un- derstand the characteristics of extreme high temperature and their causes for the purpose of prevention and miti- gation of disaster. Based on the daily maximum temperature data of 32 meteorological stations in the Changji- ang River delta, western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） indices from Beijing Climate Center, monthly 500 hPa geopotential height fields based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and daily synoptic situation data in re- cent years in Shanghai, the long time-series relation between extreme high temperature in the Changjiang River Delta and the WPSH was analyzed in spatial and temporal scales, and the results indicates that there is a signifi- cant positive correlation between high temperature days in the Changjiang River Delta and the area and intensi- ty indices of WPSH in the whole year, winter and spring during 1959-2010, but the correlations between high temperature days and the ridge position and the west-extending ridge point position of WPSH are not statistical- ly significant. Spatially, in the middle and southeastern parts of the Changjiang River Delta, there is a significant positive correlation between annual high temperature days and annual area and intensity indices of WPSH, and in the central coastal areas, there is a significant negative correlation between annual high temperature days and annual west-extending ridge point of WPSH. There is a better correlation between monthly high temperature days and monthly WPSH indices in August than in July as a whole, and the correlation is better during 1981-2010 than during 1959-1980 in August. There is a significant positive correlation between high tempera- ture days and the area and intensity indices of WPSH,

关 键 词：极端高温 西太平洋副热带高压(西太副高) 天气系统 长江三角洲 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]