某综合医院病原菌分布特征与耐药性研究  

Research on distribution and drug resistance of pathogens cultured in a general hospital

作　　者：王静[1,2] 郭连霞[2] 许光银[2] 田冰[2] 王志玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250002 [2]聊城市人民医院东区检验科,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2013年第13期2816-2819,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染的病原菌分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药率,为指导临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用VITEK-2 Compact全自动微生物分析系统进行鉴定,用纸片扩散法进行体外药敏试验。对24796例各类标本进行病原菌分离及药物敏感性试验。结果 24796例标本中共分离出病原菌4493株。革兰阴性菌占73.67%,革兰阳性菌检出率为24.73%,真菌占1.60%。检出频次最高的前五位病原菌大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌。不同致病菌,对常见抗菌药物耐药率各不相同。结论革兰阴性致病菌占据多数,且各类致病菌对常见抗生素耐药性成上升趋势,应强调据药敏试验结果,针对性地选择抗菌药物,减少医院感染的发生。Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens cultured from the submitted specimens from a general hospital in Liaocheng and explore the drug resistant mechanisms,so as to guide the reasonable medication.Methods The pathogens from 24796 specimens were isolated to identify the pathogen type by VITEK-2 Compact automated microbiological analysis system,and conduct in vitro drug sensitivity test by K-B method.Results Of 24796 bacterial culture specimens,a total of 4493 strains of pathogens were isolated,including the gram-negative bacilli（73.67%）,grame-positive cocci（24.73%）,and fungi（1.60%）.The top 5 isolates with high detection frequency were Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.Different pathogens showed various drug resistance to common antimicrobial agents.Conclusion Gram-negative pathogens occupied the vast majority of the pathogens and all kinds of bacteria tended to have increasing drug resistance to common antibiotics.According to the results of susceptibility testing,targeted antibiotics should be selected to effectively prevent and reduce irrational use of antimicrobial agents,in order to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection.

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 合理使用 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]