杭州市西湖区社区居民控烟立法前后吸烟现状及危害认知情况比较  

Analysis on awareness change of smoking and its hazard recognition among residents of Xihu District of Hangzhou after tobacco control legislation implementation

作　　者：章华米[1] 周日伟 袁婵玉[1] 刘瑛娜[1] 王芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市西湖区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310013 [2]杭州市西湖区卫生监督所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2013年第10期886-890,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：社区健康干预(CIH)项目(牛津健康联盟.中国.杭州)

摘　　要：目的评价杭州市西湖区社区居民控烟立法前后吸烟、被动吸烟状况及知识态度变化，为制定针对性的控烟工作和开展评价提供基础资料。方法应用多阶段单纯随机抽样方法，分别于2009年和2011年对西湖区6个街道54个社区中18～64周岁的常住居民进行吸烟相关知信行的问卷调查，两次各抽取调查对象1000名。结果2009年和2011年人群吸烟率分别为19．30％和16．50％（P〉0．05），被动吸烟率分别为40．40％和28．30％（P〈0．01），人群对吸烟与肺癌关系的知晓率分别为88．80％和92．29％（P〈0．05），被动吸烟导致肺癌的知晓率分别为83．70％和90．29％（P〈0．05）；但人群对吸烟、被动吸烟与非呼吸系统疾病的关系知晓率仍不高。结论2010年《杭州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》正式实施后，西湖区社区居民2011年吸烟率较2009年下降了2．80％，被动吸烟率下降了12．10％，人群对吸烟、被动吸烟的健康危害认知有了明显的提高，但短期的干预工作对实际戒烟行为的效果并不明显，建议适当延长时间和增加强度，并积极倡导各部门参与，形成全区参与控烟的良好局面。Objective To investigate the prevalence of smoking, passive smoking and the change of attitude a-mong residents of Xihu District of Hangzhou after tobacco control legislation implementation, and provide a basis for tobacco control. Methods A community-based survey on tobacco use was carried out in 6 urban districts of Xihu in 2009 and 2011 by using multi-staged simple randomized sampling method. A total of 1000 people aged 18-64 years old were selected and investigated with questionnaire survey before and after the legislation implementation. Results The total smoking rates were 19. 30% in 2009 and 16. 50% in 2011, and there was no significant difference （P 〉0. 05）. The rates of passive smoking were 40.40% and 28.30%, and there was a significant difference in different years （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The awareness rates of recognizing the lung cancer risk of smoking were 88.80% , 92. 29%, respectively （P 〈 0. 05）. And the awareness rates of recognizing the lung cancer risk of passive smoking were 83.70% , 90. 29%, respectively （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. However, the awareness rate of relationship among smoking, passive smoking and non-respiratory diseases was not increased. Conclusion After tobacco control legislation implementation in 2010, the rate of smoking and passive smoking were declined by 2. 80% and 12. 10%, respectively. Simultaneously, the residents in community had mastered more knowledge related harm of smoking, passive smoking. However, there was no perfect effect on smoking quit in such short-term community interven-tion. Longer intervention time and higher intensity in community should be carried out on tobacco control in Xihu District by multi-section cooperation.

关 键 词：社区居民 控烟立法 吸烟 被动吸烟 知识态度 

分 类 号：R191[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]