基于小波变换的高精度层序地层定量划分研究及其应用  

A method for quantitative division of sequence stratigraphy with high-resolution based on wavelet transform and its application

作　　者：任金锋[1,2] 廖远涛[2] 孙鸣[1,2] 赵淑娥[1,2] 刘小龙 宋广增[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,武汉430074 [3]中国海洋石油研究中心,北京10027

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2013年第5期2651-2658,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41102069);国家"十二五"科技重大专项(2011ZX05009-002);"构造与油气资源"教育部重点实验室开放课题(TPR-2013-13)联合资助

摘　　要：不同级次层序界面的划分及其内部沉积旋回类型的判别是层序地层分析的重要基础.在沉积地层中沉积层序旋回的形成是海(湖)平面周期性变化的结果,并通过沉积物岩性、粒度以及地层厚度等特征表示出来,在地震信号中表现为时频特征的规律变化,在测井曲线中表现为多个不同周期旋回信息的叠合,而层序界面则多响应为地震信号的频率拐点和测井曲线幅值的突变,这为层序地层单元的定量划分提供了理论依据.本文通过理论模型,利用基于连续小波变换的井旁地震道时频分析和基于二进小波变换的测井多尺度分析,进行不同级次层序界面的定量划分及其旋回类型的判别,验证了其有效性.最后,将该方法应用于南堡凹陷W1井东营组一段的层序地层划分,结果表明该方法划分的准层序组和准层序与实际的地质资料相吻合,能够在一定程度上避免人为因素的影响,为高精度层序地层的定量划分及其内部特征研究提供一种新的手段.The key to sequence stratigraphic analysis is to identify sequence boundaries of different levels and classify the corresponding sedimentary cyclicity. The formation of sedimentary cycles in the sedimentary strata is resulted from cyclical changes of the sea （lake） level, which is represented by sediment lithology, grain size and thickness of strata. These features are a token of regular changes of frequency characteristics of seismic signals and the superposition of the sediment cycles in different periods. However,. sequence boundary is responded by the frequency inflection of seismic signals and the singularity of logging curves. These features are theoretical basis for quantitative division of the sequence stratigraphic units. Therefore, based on forward models of different types of sedimentary cycles and the corresponding simulation, a new method is developed to identify sequence boundaries of different levels and classify the corresponding sedimentary cyclicity by time-frequency analysis of well-site seismic data and multi-scale analysis of logging curves, whose effectiveness have been verified. Finally, this quantitative method is applied on the quantitative division of sequence stratigraphic units of well Wl, located in the first member of Dongying formation in Nanpu sag. The result shows that the division is in agreement with the actual geological data and avoided the affect of anthropic factors. All these researches will provide a completely new and effective method for quantitative division for sequence stratigraphic units and the research of internal structures.

关 键 词：层序地层 小波变换 定量划分 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]