盐腺在红树耐盐中作用初探  

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE RULE OF SALT GLAND IN MANGROVE＇ S SALT TOLERANCE

作　　者：冷冰莹 袁芳[1] 邓运全 冯中涛[1] 王宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学生命科学学院逆境植物重点实验室,济南250014

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期123-126,共4页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30870138和31070158）;国家＂十一五＂科技支撑计划（2009BADA7B05）;山东省高校优秀科研创新团队计划资助.

摘　　要：红树林分布在热带及亚热带海岸潮间带,具有多种抗盐机制以适应高盐环境.本文以采自海南东寨港国家级自然保护区潮间带滩涂的19种红树植物为实验材料,探究盐腺在红树耐盐中的作用.利用微分干涉差显微镜观察其叶片的表皮结构,发现老鼠簕（Acanthus ilicifolius）、美国大红树（Rhizophora mangle）、无瓣海桑（Sonneratia apetala）、海桑（Sonneratia caseolaris）、白骨壤（Avicennia marina）、尖瓣海莲（Bruguiera sexangula var.rhynchopetala）、萌芽白骨壤（Avicennia germinans）、桐花树（Parmentiera cerifera）、阿吉木（Aegialitis annulata）等9种红树叶片表面具有盐腺,而玉蕊（Barringtonia racemosa）、水黄皮（Pongamia pinnata）、卤蕨（Acrostichum aureum）、木果楝（Xylocarpus granatum）、银叶树（Heritiera littoralis）、拉贡木（Laguncularia racemosa）、秋茄树（Kandelia obovata）、木榄（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）、红茄苳（Rhizophora mucronata）和榄李（Lumnitzera racemosa）等10种红树没有盐腺.通过对相同生境下19种红树成熟叶片表面及内部Na＋含量的测定发现,老鼠簕、无瓣海桑、白骨壤等有盐腺红树叶片Na＋含量及Na＋分泌量均较无盐腺红树高.这些结果表明,具盐腺的红树具有积累盐分的特性,也通过盐腺把过多盐分分泌到体外而适应高盐环境.Mangrove distributes and the coastal tidal zones and the tropics and subtropics with a variety of salt resistance mechanisms to adapt to high salinity habitat.19 species of mangroves collected from the mangrove nature reserve of Yanfengzhen Dongzhaigang of Hainan province were used to explore the role of salt glands in salt tolerance.Results showed that 9 species of mangroves including Acanthus ilicifolius,Aegialitis annulata,Avicennia germinans,Avicennia marina,Bruguiera sexangula var.rhynchopetala,Parmentiera cerifera,Rhizophor amangle,Sonneratia apetala and Sonneratia caseolaris have salt glands on the surface of their leaves.No salt gland was detected in 10 species of mogroves which are Acrostichum aureum,Barringtonia racemosa,Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,Heritiera littoralis,Kandelia obovata,Laguncularia racemosa,Lumnitzera racemosa,Rhizophora mucronata,Pongamia pinnata and Xylocarpus granatum.The Na ＋ content of both the leaf surface and the expanded leaves showed that the Na ＋ of leaves of Acanthus ilicifolius,Sonneratia apetala and Avicennia marina with salt glands was significantly higher than that of mangroves which have no salt gland.These results suggested that mangroves with salt glands possessed the characteristic of salt accumulation,and they secrete excessive salt out of plants by salt glands to adapt to the high-sah habitat.

关 键 词：红树 盐腺 耐盐性 Na+ 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]