论侵权法上因果关系与过错的竞合及其解决路径  

The Coincidence between Causation and Fault in Tort Law and Its Solution

作　　者：李中原 

机构地区：[1]苏州王健大学法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2013年第6期91-105,共15页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(09YJC820079);国家社会科学基金项目(13BFX089)

摘　　要：因果关系与过错的竞合是现代侵权法上因果关系理论向主观领域扩张的结果,二者竞合的实质主要在于"可预见性"在因果关系和过错中的理论安排,当代欧美侵权法在此呈现出两种模式。"相当性"与"可预见性"之间在因果关系层面的相互替代性是德国模式的合理基础所在,但是,德国模式却极易导致适用上的混淆或误解。在二者竞合问题的解决路径中,以过错的"可预见性"替代因果关系的"相当性"是最合理的方案。根据"相当性"或"客观可预见性"回归过错的基本思路,必须建构和强化过错的二元结构和"法律上的可预见性"理论。The coincidence between causation and fault is the result of expansion of the theory of causation in modern tort law into the subjective field. The substance of the coincidence mainly lies in the arrangement of the foreseeability in the theory of causation and fault, where two modes in the contemporary European and American tort law emerged. The substitu- tion between ＂adequacy＂ and ＂foreseeability＂ in the dimension of causation is the reasonable basis of the German mode. However the German mode is very easy to cause confusion or misunderstanding in the application. In the solutions to the problem of coincidence the most reasonable scheme is to substitute the ＂foreseeability＂ of fault for the ＂adequacy＂ of cau- sation. According to the basic idea of the return of ＂adequacy＂ or ＂objective foreseeability＂ to the fault, we ought to con- struct and strengthen the dual structure of fault and the theory of ＂foreseeability in the law＂.

关 键 词：因果关系 过错 竞合 可预见性 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]