风险刑法的现实风险与控制  

The Reality Risk and Control of Risk Criminal Law

作　　者：孙万怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海200042

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2013年第6期130-140,共11页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(11BFX102)"犯罪治理控制与形事司法犯罪化的反思";"高水平特色法学学科建设与人才培养工程(085工程)建设项目"

摘　　要："风险社会"理论所要解决的是如何在民主的体制下应对新的社会风险,而不是通过扩张与公民基本权利相对的国家权力来解决这一问题。在"社会风险"理论者看来,无限制扩充国家权力来抵御社会风险就是最大的风险。刑法应对风险绝对不是通过确立风险刑法的模式来强调刑法的恐吓性。我国当前刑法理论所说的"风险社会"实际上不是"风险社会"论意义上的风险社会,而是通喻社会风险,有时还包括"人为风险"。"风险社会"理论不能直接为风险刑法奠基。抽象危险犯本身作为一种立法拟制的结果,无法为风险刑法提供适当的支撑;行为无价值理论更是以客观主义为基础,与风险刑法的理论基础并不契合,无法在客观归责理论中获取共识。风险刑法的实质是刑法威吓作用在新时期的重新泛滥,是对合法性原则的突破。信守刑事政策和法治的底线、厘清刑事政策与刑事法治的关系才是根本出路。What the ＂risk society＂ theory trying to solve is how to deal with the new social risks under the democratic system, rather than by the expansion of state power which opposed to the fundamental rights of citizens to solve this prob- lem. From the point of ＂social risk＂ theorists, the greatest risk is unlimited expansion of state power to resist the social risk. It is definitely not to establish the risk criminal law model to emphasize the intimidation of the criminal law to deal with risks. The ＂risk society＂ in criminal law theory is not actually the ＂risk society＂ in the sense of risk society. It in- cludes the risk of society, and sometimes also includes ＂human risk＂. ＂Risk society＂ theory can not directly lay the foun- dation of the risk criminal law. As a result of the legislative fiction, abstract potential damage offense can not provide appro- priate support for the risk criminal law. The behavior worthless theory, based on objectivism, does not fit for the theoretical basis of risk criminal law. It can not get a consensus in the objective imputation theory. The essence of risk criminal law is the overflowing of deterrent effect of criminal law in the new era and the breakthrough of the principle of legality. Abide by the criminal policy and the bottom line of rule of law, and to clarify the relationship between the criminal policy and crimi- nal law is the fundamental approach.

关 键 词：风险社会 风险刑法 抽象危险犯 行为无价值 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]