航天器密封舱降压法抑制自然对流的数值研究  

Numerical Simulation of a Spacecraft Pressurized Cabin Using Lowering Pressure Method

作　　者：马兰新 谭建宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学汽车工程学院,山东威海264209

出　　处：《节能技术》2013年第6期487-490,494,共5页Energy Conservation Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51076038);教育部新世纪人才支持计划(NCET-12-0152)

摘　　要：航天器密封舱地面试验中常利用降压法来抑制自然对流的影响,但是降压比的选择往往取决于一些未知参数,使得自然对流的抑制得不到保证。本文建立了某一载人航天器密封舱流动换热的稳态数值模型,通过对比研究地面试验与空间状态不同通风量下流动换热的变化情况,综合考虑人体舒适度、消除自然对流影响和能耗三方面,给出了密封舱最佳通风量。通过对比研究密封舱内不同气体压力条件下地面与空间条件的对流换热系数与温度分布情况,给出了可以忽略自然对流影响的临界压力及对应的Gr/Re2数。In the research of the convection heat transfer in spacecraft cabins,the lowering pressure method is usually used to suppress the effect of natural convection in ground experiments,but the choice of the pressure often depends on some unknown parameters,so that the suppression of natural convection cannot be guaranteed.The paper establishes a steady-state numerical model of flow and heat transfer for the manned spacecraft pressurized cabin.Considering the human comfort,elimination of natural convection effect and energy consumption,the optimum air rate was obtained through a comparative study of flow and heat transfer both in ground test condition and space condition.Critical pressure and Gr/Re2 was obtained through a comparative study of the convective heat transfer coefficient and temperature distribution both in ground test condition and space condition for various gas pressure of the cabin.

关 键 词：航天器 自然对流 降压法 临界压力 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]