环境管制抑制了污染排放吗?  

Environmental Regulation,Provincial Legislation and Pollution Emission in China

作　　者：包群[1] 邵敏[1] 杨大利[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,邮政编码300071 [2]美国芝加哥大学政治科学系

出　　处：《经济研究》2013年第12期42-54,共13页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(NCET-11-0248);国家自然科学基金(71103100);教育部基金项目(10YJC790006;12YJC790156)的资助

摘　　要：客观评估环境管制效果的关键难点在于环保政策制定的内生性。基于1990年以来中国各省份地方人大通过的84件环保立法这一独特视角,本文采用倍差法思路考察了地方环境立法监管的实际效果。研究发现,单纯的环保立法并不能显著地抑制当地污染排放;相反,只有在环保执法力度严格或是当地污染相对严重的省份,通过环保立法才能起到明显的环境改善效果。这一结果在考虑了不同污染物形式、立法效果的滞后作用以及选择不同参照组后仍然稳健。本文研究结果揭示了执法力度对环保立法监管效果的关键作用,有效的环境监管立法体系同时有赖于有法可依与执法必严。The key issue of evaluating the outcome of environmental regulation is the endogenous problem of regulation policy. Taking 84 cases of passing of local regulation law among 31 provinces in China as a program study, this paper adopts the difference-in-difference method to investigate how provincial environmental legislation affects the local pollution emission in China. It finds that environmental law helps to decrease the local pollution emission only for those provinces that have stricter enforcement of laws. On the contrary, there is no significant pollution abatement effect if only an environmental law is passed. Such results remain robust while considering the time lag effect, different types of pollutants and the choice of different comparison groups. Our study shows the importance of the enforcement of law for environmental regulation in China.

关 键 词：地方环保立法 执法力度 倍差法 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]