钾肥施用对加工番茄产量及效益的影响  

Effect of Potassium Management on Yield and Benefit of Processing Tomato

作　　者：马乔玲 张炎[2,3] 李青军[2,3] 胡伟[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第11期2046-2053,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961017);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项(BPC-Xinjiang-2012-13)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同钾肥施用量、施用时期和不同钾肥品种对加工番茄产量、肥效的影响。【方法】试验设3个不同钾肥施用量、3个施用时期和3个不同钾肥品种,采用膜下滴灌种植,在收获期测定加工番茄株数、单果重,计算产量,分析肥料效益。【结果】(1)当钾肥施用时期相同时,钾肥用量为120 kg/hm2的加工番茄产量高于其它用量;(2)当钾肥施用量相同时,钾肥50%开花期滴灌追施和50%结果期滴灌追施的加工番茄产量最大,而钾肥全部基施最低;(3)钾肥施用时期相同时,缺钾、施钾量不足、施钾量过高均会降低加工番茄的经济效益;钾肥施用量相同时,钾肥50%开花期滴灌追施和50%结果期滴灌追施的经济效益高于其它施用时期;(4)加工番茄不同钾肥品种以钾肥为K-KCl处理的产量和肥料效益最高,依次是K-K2SO4、KKNO3。【结论】加工番茄的最适宜钾肥施用量为125.89 kg/hm2,最适宜的钾肥施用时期为50%开花期滴灌追施,50%结果期滴灌追施;加工番茄的钾肥品种以钾肥为K-KCl时最为适宜。[ Objective ] Research applying different K content, application period and different varieties of potash fertilizer on processing tomato yield, the influence of the fertilizer effect. [ Method]Through three dif- ferent applying potash content, three application period and Three different varieties of potash fertilizer, using drip irrigation under membrane planting, in determination of harvest processing tomato plant, fruit weight, yield calculation, analysis of fertilizer efficiency. [ Result ] 1 when potash fertilization period and at the same time, Potash application of 120 kg/hm2 dosage of processing tomato yield is higher than the other; 2 when ap- plying potash content phase at the same time, drip irrigation topdressing potassium 50% flowering period and 50% maximum drip irrigation topdressing stage results of processing tomato production, the pt〉tash All lowest basal application; 3 Potash fertilization period phase at the same time, potassium deficiency, lack of enoughk, k content is too high will reduce the economic benefits of processed tomatoes, applying potash content phase at the same time, the economic benefits of drip irrigation the topdressing and 50% period of potash 50% flowering stage drip irrigation topdressing higher than other application period; 4 The highest yield of potash K - KCI treatment of Processing tomato in different varieties of potash fertilizer, was followed by K - K2SO4 ,K - KNO3, and potash fertilizer for K - KCI the best efficiency, followed by K - K2 SO4, and lowest K - KNO3. [ Conclusion ] This experiment preliminarily concluded ： er is 125.89 kg/hm period, results 50% K- KCl in the most The most appropriate processing tomato potash fertiliz- 2, the most suitable drip irrigation topdressing potash fertilization period to 50% flowering drip irrigation topdressing stage, Processing appropriate.

关 键 词：钾肥 加工番茄 产量 效益 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S606[农业科学—园艺学]