苜蓿青干草替代部分精料对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响  

Effect of alfalfa hay substituting for part of the concentrate,on the production of cows and economic profit

作　　者：刘艳娜[1] 史莹华[1] 严学兵[1] 王成章[1] 梁明根 周路[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《草业学报》2013年第6期190-197,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-35);十二五科技支撑计划(2011BAD17804)资助

摘　　要：本研究的目的在于探讨苜蓿青干草替代部分精料后对奶牛生产性能、牛奶品质和经济效益的影响,为在奶牛饲粮中合理利用苜蓿青干草和精料提供依据。选取体重、产奶量、胎次相近处于泌乳中期的中高产荷斯坦奶牛24头,随机分为4组。对照组日粮组成为全株玉米青贮料、花生秧和混合精料,精粗比为52∶48,试验A、B、C组分别用3kg苜蓿青干草替代1.5,2.0,3.0kg精料,饲养期70d。结果表明,试验A组、B组、C组产奶量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验A组显著高于B组、C组(P<0.05),试验B组、C组差异不显著(P>0.05);试验A组、B组、C组的乳蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验B组和C组显著高于A组(P<0.05);试验组的乳脂率极显著(P<0.01)和乳糖、干物质显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,各试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验A组、B组干物质采食量显著高于对照组和C组(P<0.05),C组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),A组干物质采食量最高。试验组与对照组体细胞数差异不显著(P>0.05),但均较对照组低。试验B组、C组的粗蛋白表观消化率显著(P<0.05)和中性洗涤纤维表观消化率极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,试验A组与对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验A组的纯增收益最高,为7.92元/d。由以上结果可知,用苜蓿青干草替代适量的精料补充料可以提高奶牛的生产性能,改善乳品质,增加收益,其中用3.0kg苜蓿青干草替代1.5kg精料组效果最好。The effect of alfalfa （Medicago sativa） hay substituting for part of the concentrate on production performance, milk quality of dairy cows and economic profit was studied. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein lacta- tion cows in mid lactation with similar body weights and milk production were selected and randomly divided into four groups. The diet for the control group included corn silage, peanut vine and concentrate, and in the test groups A, B and C, 3 kg alfalfa hay were used to substitute for 1.5, 2.0 tively, in 70 days of a feeding trial. The milk yield of the test groups was sign and 3.0 kg concentrate, respecificantly （P〈0.01） higher than that of the control group and milk yield of group A was significantly （P〈0.05） higher than those of groups B and C, while there was no significant difference in milk yield between groups B and C. There were significant （P〈0.05） differences between cantly （P〈0.05） higher than g test group roup A. C s and the control group in milk protein with groups B and C ompared with those of the control group, fat percentage （P〈0. lactose and dry matter （P〈0.05） of the test groups were significantly increased significant between the three test groups. Dry matter intake of group A was the and B were significantly （P〈0.01） higher than group C and the control group, not Sl count paren sign the if gnifiol）, but the differences were not ghest, and that of groups A although, the difference was gnificant between group C and the control group. Compared with that of the control group, somatic cell of the test groups was reduced, but the differences between the four groups were not significant. The apparent digestibility of crude protein （P〈0.05） and neutral detergent fiber （P〈0.01） of groups B and C were significantly higher than those of the control group, but the difference was not significant between group A and the control group. At 7.92 yuan/days, the profit of group A was the greatest. This research has shown that substituting 3 kg a

关 键 词：奶牛 苜蓿青干草 经济效益 生产性能 节粮 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]