秋水仙素诱导获得自交结实的海滨雀稗体细胞突变体  

Acquirement of self-compatible somatic mutants induced by colchicine in Paspalum vaginatum

作　　者：钟小仙[1] 刘智微[1] 常盼盼[1] 吴娟子[1] 张建丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《草业学报》2013年第6期205-212,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系盐城综合试验站(CARS-35-31);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2010308)资助

摘　　要：以海滨雀稗Adalayd幼穗离体诱导获得的胚性愈伤组织为材料,在愈伤组织继代培养基中添加500～2000mg/L秋水仙素,诱变处理24,48和72h后,离体筛选得到浅黄色颗粒状愈伤组织在分化培养基上再生出植株,再生植株结实性调查结果显示,获得的1960株不同秋水仙素处理的再生植株和688株原始对照组织培养再生植株中,经1000mg/L秋水仙素诱变处理24h获得的2个单株上分别收获了4和3粒种子,500mg/L秋水仙素诱变处理24h获得的1个单株上收获到1粒种子;3个单株上收获的M1种子各取1粒播种于盆体,均可发芽成坪,分别记为SP2008-1、SP2008-2和SP2008-3,M1种子苗上分别收获到了自交结实的M2代种子253,38和45粒,种子千粒重分别为0.471,0.440和0.496g。染色体计数结果表明,SP2008-1和SP2008-2染色体数2n=20,与原始对照Adalayd染色体数目相同,为二倍体;SP2008-3的染色体数为20和40条的分别占86.7%和13.3%,是二倍体和四倍体的嵌合体。RAPD检测结果表明,SP2008-1、SP2008-2和SP2008-3在分子水平上均与对照Adalayd存在差异,为自交结实型海滨雀稗体细胞突变体。Seashore paspalum plays an important role in grassland systems in saline soil because of its strong sa linity tolerance and other multiple stress resistance and high quality performance. P. vaginatum is a self-incompatible, sexual diploid. Cross-fertilization is difficult because its genome （D） is different from that of most other Paspalum species. P. vaginatum cv. adalayd was induced with colchicine in callus subculture medium, and embryogenic calli were obtained from immature inflorescences in order to explore the possibility of creating self-compatible somatic mutants. One thousand nine hundred and sixty plantlets from treatments with 250 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/L colchicine for 24, 48, and 72 h on callus, and six hundred and eighty eigh plantlets from the control were obtained. Characteristics of seed set from regenerated plants indicated that fou seeds and three seeds were harvested from two different plants from treatments with 1000 mg/L colchicine fo 24 h, and one seed from the treatment with 500 mg/L colchicine for 24 h. One seed per plot from three differ t r r ent plants of M1 generation were sown, and every seed germinated. The three plants from seeds were named as SP2008-1, SP2008-2, and SP2008-3. Two hundred fifty three, thirty eight, and forty five self-compatible seeds from SP2008-1, SP2008-2, and SP2008-3 respectively were harvested, and weights per one thousand seeds were 0.471, 0. 440, and 0. 496 g respectively. The somatic chromosome number was 2n=20 in SP2008-1 and SP2008-2 and both were diploid. Somatic chromosome number 2n=20 was 86.7%, and somatic chromosome number 2n=40 was 13.3% in SP2008-3. SP2008-3 was a chimera mixed with diploid and tetraploid. RAPD a nalysis confirmed that SP2008-1, SP2008-2 and SP2008 3 plants were different from control adalayd plants at the molecular level. Two self-compatible diploids and one chimera with diploid and tetraploid somatic mutants were created using P. vaginatum cv. Adalayd callus induced with colchicine.

关 键 词：海滨雀稗 二倍体 自交结实 秋水仙素 体细胞突变体 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺] S543.9[农业科学—园艺学]