粉煤灰场复垦地层状土壤水分变化  

Moisture Movement of Stratified Soil in Reclamation Land of Fly Ash Disposal Sites

作　　者：于佳禾 陈孝杨[1] 严家平[1] 杨修芳[1] 檀海洋 刘英[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第20期4898-4902,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51274013);安徽省国际合作项目(10080703026)

摘　　要：应用土柱试验研究不同覆土厚度粉煤灰处置场复垦土壤水分运动特征,并基于研究区干湿年份的气象数据进行土壤剖面年含水量变化的相似模拟,以探讨此种特殊土壤剖面在极端气候条件下的持水能力,为复垦土壤植物栽种时的田间水分管理提供理论依据和技术支持。结果表明,低地下水位（-300 cm）条件下,干旱与潮湿年份的复垦土壤整个剖面各监测断面的含水量相差0.10 cm3/cm3左右,表层土壤的含水量变化幅度更大,干旱年份较长时间在0.20 cm3/cm3以下,潮湿年份基本都保持在0.20~0.30 cm3/cm3,雨季甚至会超过0.30 cm3/cm3;当地下水位较高（-115 cm）时,由于粉煤灰基质的水分吸持能力较强,整个粉煤灰层的含水量在相当长的时期内保持在近饱和状态,表层土壤的含水量也超过沙壤土的田间含水量,即使是在干旱年份也存在此现象。Soil column experiments were conducted to study the moisture movement characteristics in soil of reclamation land in fly ash disposal sites with different thickness of covering soil. Based on the meteorological data of the research area, the annual changes of moisture content in the reclaimed soil profile were simulated to explore moisture holding capacity of the particular soil profile under extreme weather conditions and provide theoretical proofs and technical supports for field water management of the reclamation soils when plants are to be cultivatal. The results showed that under low groundwater table condition（-300 cm）, the difference of moisture content at various monitoring sections of the reclaimed soil profiles between dry and wet year was about 0.10 cm3/ cm3. The difference in surface soil was bigger when the water content of surface soil was below 0.20 cm3/ cm3in dry years. The water content of surface soil was maintained at 0.20~0.30 cm3/ cm3in wet years and could be higher than 0.30 cm3/ cm3during rainy season. Under high groundwater table（-115 cm） condition, water content in fly ash layer remained at nearly saturated state for a long time owing to strong moisture sorption ability of fly ash. The water content of surface soil also exceeded that of sandy loam, even in dry years.

关 键 词：土壤水分 复垦 土柱试验 粉煤灰场 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]