盐度对中华绒螯蟹雌性亲蟹渗透压调节和酶活性的影响  

Effects of salinity on osmo-ionic regulation and enzyme activities in mature female Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：冯广朋[1] 卢俊[1] 庄平[1] 章龙珍[1] 王瑞芳[1] 刘鉴毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2013年第4期468-473,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903048-07);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所2011M08)

摘　　要：设置2个盐度组(盐度12与25)和1个对照组(盐度为0),分别于第3、6、12、24、48、72、96和144小时取样,研究盐度对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)雌性亲蟹渗透压调节和酶活性的影响,探讨亲蟹在长江口生殖洄游期间对盐度的适应性。结果表明,随着实验时间延长,盐度组亲蟹血清渗透压总体上呈现逐渐上升趋势;Na+与Cl-浓度总体表现为先上升后下降;盐度组亲蟹Na+-K+-ATPase活性先显著降低而后显著升高,第96小时升至较高水平,随后活性下降至对照组相近水平;碱性磷酸酶活性在肝胰腺中先下降后上升,而在血清中则先上升后下降。综合表明,亲蟹渗透压和离子水平总体上呈现先上升而后下降趋势,实验后期盐度组的亲蟹酶活性与对照组相近,揭示雌性亲蟹在短期内能较好地适应长江口盐度变化,其机体代谢回归相对平衡状态。Mature female Chinese mitten crabs （Eriocheir sinensis） were transferred from freshwater （control） to salinity environment （12,25）.Osmo-ionic regulation and Na/K-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） activities were examined after 3,6,12,24,48,72,96,144 hours.Haemolymph osmolality showed an overall gradual increase after salinity transfer.Haemolymph Na ＋ and Cl-concentrations of salinity groups presented earlier increase and later decrease trend with the increasing exposure time.Na＋/K＋-ATPase decreased significantly at first and then increased remarkably,and reached a higher level after 96 h,but returned to the similar level of that of the freshwater group at the end of experiment.Alkaline phosphatase （AKP） activities in hepatopancreas decreased at first,and then increased after salinity transfer with the increasing exposure time.Enzyme activities showed a contrary trend in haemolymph under similar experimental conditions.Based on the above results,haemolymph osmolality and ionic concentration in mature female Chinese mitten crabs （E.sinensis） increased at first,and then decreased after salinity transfer.Enzyme activities could return to similar level of that in freshwater group.It is suggested that mature female Chinese mitten crabs could effectively regulate their metabolic level in short acclimation period after salinity increase.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 盐度 离子调节 NA+-K+-ATP酶 碱性磷酸酶 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]